NURS 6531 Final Exam Review What are signs & symptoms of SIADH (Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone)?(Ans- Increased production of ADH (antidiuretic hormone), hyponatremia, concentrated urine (from excess water resorption), elevated urine osmolality, mental status changes from cerebral edema.
Diabetes insipidus is associated with what sodium level?(Ans- Hypernatremia
Psychogenic polydipsia results in urine that is:
(Ans- diluted with low osmolality and hyponatremia
How would you determine the cause of a patient's AKI who presents with decreased urine output, history of neurogenic bladder, chronic foley, dark urine, and Cr increase from 1.3 to 2.1 over 3 months?(Ans- Flush the foley catheter to see if urine comes out and assess the patency of the catheter. This action will unblock clogged sediment or biofilm from chronic bacteriuria.
When a female patient presents to the ER after sexual assault, what medications should be offered prior to discharge?(Ans- Ceftriaxone, azithromycin, Plan B, and Metronidazole.
Manifestations of Conn syndrome (hyperaldosteronism)?(Ans- hypernatremia, hypokalemia, and hypertension 1 / 2
What causes Cushing syndrome?(Ans- Increased levels of glucocorticoids, can be exogenous (from therapy) or endogenous (from adenoma or neoplasm).
Manifestations of Cushing syndrome?(Ans- hypertension, truncal obesity, osteoporosis, skin fragility, and hyperglycemia.
What differentiates primary adrenocortical insufficiency from secondary adrenocortical insufficiency?(Ans- Skin hyperpigmentation is present in primary adrenocortical insufficiency
What is Trousseau's sign?(Ans- A carpal spasm elicited by compression of the upper arm with a BP cuff that indicates hypocalcemia.
What is Chovstek's sign?(Ans- A hemifacial tic that is induced by tapping the facial nerve below the maxilla that indicates hypocalcemia.
What is Babinski's sign?(Ans- An upward response (extension) of the hallux when the sole of the foot is stimulated with a blunt instrument. Can identify spinal cord disease in adults.
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