NURS 676 FINAL TEST WITH REAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND WELL VERIFIED ANSWERS //
ALREADY GRADED A+ // LATEST 2024/2025 // 100
+ QUESTIONS // NURS 676
What causes orbital cellulitis? - ANSWER-local spread from adjacent structures such as the sinuses or lacrimal system, inoculation after skin trauma from lacerations or bug bits, or bacteremia spread from heart or upper resp system.
What increases the risk of death from a burn? - ANSWER-older age, the presence of inhalation injury, and female sex
What determines the extent of the burn injury? - ANSWER-the temperature of the burning agent and the duration of exposure
what are the three zones of injury that describe the burn? - ANSWER-the zone of coagulation, the zone of hyperemia, and the zone of stasis
the zone of coagulation is what - ANSWER-tissue is irreversibly destroyed with thrombosis of blood vessels
the zone of stasis - ANSWER-stagnation of microcirculation that become more hypoxemic is resuscitation is not done immediately
- / 3
zone of hyperemia - ANSWER-zone of increased blood flow where there is minimal damage to the cells and spontaneous recovery is more likely
What influences a burns prognosis? - ANSWER-the severity of the burns, the presence of inhalation injury, associated injuries, the patient's age, comorbid conditions, and acute organ system failure
What types of injuries result from thermal burns? - ANSWER-disruption of normal cell membrane function, hormone alterations, acid-base disruption, hemodynamic changes and derangement.
What fluid and electrolyte abnormalities are seen in burn shock? - ANSWER- intracellular influx of water and sodium, extracellular migration of potassium
How is fluid resuscitation affected by large burns? - ANSWER-in burns greater than 60% of TBSA, cardiac output is decreased resulting in a lack of response to fluid resuscitation.
What do you need to obtain in a burn history? - ANSWER-type of thermal or chemical exposure, duration of exposure, and the time since the injury
Rule of 9s - ANSWER-Head and neck = 9% Upper Ex = 9% each Lower Ex = 9% each Front trunk = 18% Back trunk = 18% perineum = 1 %
- / 3
How do you treat intact blisters in burn injuries? - ANSWER-do not rupture the blister because they are protecting underlying tissue, clean the wound with mild soap and water, debride unroofed blisters, and apply a dressing How to calculate the TBSA - ANSWER-the back of the patient's hand is 1%, the number of TBSA that is burned is the number of the back of the hands equal to the burn
How do you measure the depth of the burn? - ANSWER-the number of skin layers injured
First degree definition and presentation - ANSWER-superficial or partial thickness burns which involve only epidermis - the burn appears glossy, red, and painful
example of first degree burn - ANSWER-sunburn
second degree definition and presentation - ANSWER-partial thickness burn that involves the dermis - may present as dull and glossy with white/pink/red pigmentation, some blistering and severe pain
third degree burn definitiona and presentation - ANSWER-full thickness burns that extend to the subcutaneous tissue - may appear to be matte, white, brown, red, or black, and the wound has no sensation (no pain)
what should eval of burn patient include? - ANSWER-1. airway, breathing, circulation
- look for circumferential burns on a limb that may stop perfusion
- the depth, extent, and percentage of burn
- associated injuries
- / 3