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NURS470 Exam/ Actual Exam Questions with Correct Answers/ Latest 2024-2025
Where are third-spaced fluids most commonly located?
- joints
- a serous cavity
- the cranial vault
- interstitial fluid - ANSWER - B. a serous cavity
Which statement is correct regarding extracellular fluid volume deficit?
- it can lead to transcellular expansion
- it can lead to intracellular expansion
- it is associated with low serum osmolality
- it is associated with high serum osmolality - ANSWER - D. it is associated with high serum osmolality
Which IV solution is commonly used for clients who have intravascular dehydration?
- lactated ringers
- 0.45% normal saline
- 2.5% dextrose
- 3% normal saline - ANSWER - A. lactated ringers
Which IV solution can cause cells to expand and burst, resulting in cellular destruction?
- 0.9% normal saline
B. D10W
- 0.45% normal saline 1 / 4
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- lactated ringers - ANSWER - C. 0.45% normal saline
Which assessments are consistent with fluid volume excess? Select all that apply:
- weight loss
- elevated central venous pressure
- elevated BP
- sinus bradycardia
- decreased hematocrit - ANSWER - B. elevated central venous pressure
- elevated BP
- decreased hematocrit
Treatment for fluid volume excess may include restricting which intake? Select all that apply:
- fluids
- protein
- carbs
- sodium
- fats - ANSWER - A. fluids
- sodium
Which drug inhibits resorption of sodium and chloride in the loop of Henle?
- furosemide
- spironolactone
- hydrochlorothiazide
- no drugs work in this area - ANSWER - A. furosemide
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pg. 3 Which client outcome would be appropriate for a client who is experiencing fluid volume excess? Select
all that apply:
- CVP within normal range for client
- weight gain of 2-3%
- balanced intake and output
- BUN within acceptable limits
- pulse rate below 60 bpm - ANSWER - A. CVP within normal range for client
- balanced intake and output
- BUN within acceptable limits
Hyponatremia is associated with which symptom?
- edema
- hyperreflexia
- lethargy
- restlessness - ANSWER - C. lethargy
Clients with severe hyponatremia may require IV fluids. Which type of IV fluid would the nurse expect to be ordered to treat severe hyponatremia?
- isotonic
- hypotonic
- hypertonic
- lactated ringers - ANSWER - C. hypertonic
Hypernatremia can be caused by which conditions? Select all that apply:
- hyperthyroidism
- profuse diuresis
- cushing syndrome
- diabetes insipidus
- fever - ANSWER - B. profuse diuresis 3 / 4
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- cushing syndrome
- diabetes insipidus
- fever
What is a sign of hypernatremia?
- diarrhea
- muscle twitching
- stomach cramps
- decreased muscle tone - ANSWER - B. muscle twitching
What are common causes of hypocalcemia in high-acuity clients? Select all that apply:
- administration of large amounts of stored blood
- hypoparathyroidism
- acute pancreatitis
- malignancy
- sepsis - ANSWER - A. administration of large amounts of stored blood
- hypoparathyroidism
- sepsis
Rapid infusion of IV calcium can result in which manifestations? Select all that apply:
- tachycardia
- hypertension
- cardiac arrest
- hypotension
- fever - ANSWER - C. cardiac arrest
- hypotension
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