NURSG 546 - Exam 2 Latest Update 2025-2026 110 Questions and 100% Verified Correct Answers Guaranteed A+
A patient who has had multiple blood transfusions over the past 2 days has a pH of 7.30 and is experiencing tingling around the mouth and difficulty swallowing, which electrolyte imbalance is the cause of this? - CORRECT ANSWER: hypocalcemia under 8.6 mg/dL
Define cystitis - CORRECT ANSWER: inflammation of bladder
Define hydronephrosis - CORRECT ANSWER: dilation of the renal pelvis and calyces
Define interstitial fluid - CORRECT ANSWER: fluid between cells
Define neurogenic bladder - CORRECT ANSWER: bladder dysfunction related to
abnormal or absent bladder innervation
Define pyelonephritis - CORRECT ANSWER: inflammation of kidney
Define urethritis - CORRECT ANSWER: inflammation of urethra
Describe the difference between a complicated UTI and an uncomplicated UTI. - CORRECT ANSWER: An uncomplicated UTI occurs in an otherwise normal urinary tract and usually only involves the bladder while a complicated UTI is in a person with a structural or functional problem in the urinary tract
How does acute pyelonephritis occur? - CORRECT ANSWER: begins with colonization
of lower urinary tract and then moves upward into kidneys 1 / 3
How is hypernatremia treated? - CORRECT ANSWER: IV fluids - hypotonic, isotonic
List the possible causes for abdominal ascites - CORRECT ANSWER: -
hyperaldosteronism -decreased albumin levels (hypoalbuminemia) -portal hypertension
What are clinical manifestations of hepatic encephalopathy? - CORRECT ANSWER: -
changes in neurologic or mental responsiveness -impaired consciousness -inappropriate behavior -asterixis -fector hepaticus (musty, sweet odor of breath)
What are factors that may contribute to development of urinary calculi formation? -
CORRECT ANSWER: -Obstruction with urinary stasis
-UTI -Genetics -Thiazides diuretics use
What are important complications in regards to sexual function to inform a patient
undergoing TURP? - CORRECT ANSWER: -decreased or absent ejaculate volume
-retrograde ejaculation
What are problems that usually coexist in a complicated UTI? - CORRECT ANSWER: - gallstones -obstruction -renal transplant 2 / 3
-CKD -AKI -abnormal GU tract -catheters
What are risk factors for developing BPH? - CORRECT ANSWER: -alcohol
consumption -aging -family history of BPH -smoking -diabetes -erectile dysfunction -obesity
What are signs of infection to monitor for with a patient who has an external fixation? -
CORRECT ANSWER: tenderness, exudate, pain, erythema
What are skin manifestations associated with cirrhosis? - CORRECT ANSWER: spider angiomars and palmar erythema
What are the 6 P's of compartment syndrome? - CORRECT ANSWER: 1. pain
- paresthesias
- pallor
- pulselessness
- pressure
- paralysis
What are the causes of hypercalcemia? - CORRECT ANSWER: -hyperparathyroidism
- / 3