NUR 2474 Pharmacology for Professional Nursing Final Exam
- What types of insulins are usually given before meals?
Answer Regular and Glargine
- Why is Glargine (lantus) given at bedtime?
Answer sugar drops overnight.
- What type of insulin is sometimes given at bedtime, has the longest dura- tions of all the
insulin, CANNOT be mixed with other insulins, and for elderly patients is often split into two doses. AM and PM?
Answer Insulin Glargine (Lantus)
- Why is a nurse concerned for a beta-blocker/insulin combination?
Answer Beta blcokers can mask some of the symptoms of hypoglycemia.
- What do you asses for in patient's taking beta blockers while on insulin.
- symptoms of hypoglycemia
Answer
-feeling shaky -being nervous or anxious -sweating, chills and clamminess -irritability or impatience -confusion -fast heartbeat -feeling lightheaded or dizzy 1 / 4
-hunger -headache
- rapid-acting insulins
Answer Lispro (Humalog)
- Onset of Lispro (rapid-acting)
Answer less than 15 min
- Short-acting insulin
Answer Regular (Humulin R)
- Intermediate-acting insulin
Answer NPH insulin (Humulin N)
- Long-acting insulin
Answer glargine (Lantus) detemir (Levemir)
- Steps to do after a patient is hypoglycemic?
- check blood sugar
Answer
- give simple carbs
- if unable to swollow give glucagon
- for IV access give Dextrose D50W
- How does Glipizide work? 2 / 4
Answer Lowers blood sugar by causing the pancreas to produce insulin, needed to break down sugar in the body and helping the body use insulin efficiently.
- How to diagnose Diabetes type 2?
- no end organ damage
Answer
-less than five years
- What classification is Glipizide?
Answer -anti-diabetic
-oral hypoglycemic
- What are the side/adverse effects of Glipizide?
Answer diarrhea constipation headache hypoglycemia nausea vomiting upset stomach loss of appetite weight gain
- Contraindications of Glipizide?
Answer low blood sugar piturtary hormone deficiency
Addison's disease hepatic porphyria hemolytic anemia alcoholic
- drug-drug interactionsof Glipizide?
Answer allergy to sulfa 3 / 4
- drug-food interactions of Glipizide?
Answer take with breakfast
- How does Metformin work?
- What classifications is Metformin?
Answer reducing the amount of sugar the liver releases into the blood makes the body respond better to insulin
Answer anti-diabetic oral hypoglycemia
- WHat are the side/adverse effects of Metformin?
Answer hypoglycemia can be harsh on kidneys
- Contraindications of Metformin?
Answer Kidney disease heart attack
stroke diabetic ketoacidosis coma heart disease liver disease
- How does Acarbose work?
Answer by slowing the aciton of certain chemicals that break down food to release glucose into the blood.
- What classification does Acarbose fit in?
- / 4
Answer