Nutritional Sciences From Fundamentals to Food 3rd Edition Shelley Test Bank

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Nutritional Sciences From Fundamentals to Food 3rd Edition Shelley Test Bank Chapter 1 – The Science of Nutrition Multiple Choice

Answer, level, page Level: K = knowledge, A = application/critical thinking

What Do We Mean by “Nutrition”? (pp. 5-8)

a A 6 1. Which of the following ingredients in a box of toaster pastries would contribute macronutrients to one’s diet?

• Water, high-fructose corn syrup, egg yolk
• Niacin, folic acid, sucralose
• Riboflavin, salt, sodium benzoate
• Thiamin mononitrate, soybean oil, sugar

c K 5 2. The term “nutrition” refers to the science of how living organisms obtain and use to support all the processes required for their existence.

• sunlight
• proteins
• food
• chlorophyll

d K 5 3. What is the term for substances in food that are used by the body for at least one of the

following: energy, structure, or regulation of chemical reactions in the body?

• Calories
• Vitamins
• Minerals
• Nutrients

a K 6 4. A “nonessential nutrient” is one that the body .

• can make in the amount needed
• doesn’t need
• cannot use
• stores for later use

c K 5-6 5. Nutrients considered essential must .

• be synthesized by the body daily
• be stored in the body
• come from the food we eat
• be consumed from organic foods

c K 6 6. If a toddler’s only source of a nutrient is from food but an adult can make the nutrient in an amount sufficient to meet his needs, the nutrient is considered to be .

• nonessential
• essential
• conditionally essential
• partially essential

b K 6 7. Macronutrients include carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and .

• calories
• water
• vitamins
• minerals

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a K 8 8. Which term is used to describe foods such as soy milk and tomatoes that, when consumed, do more to promote health than simply helping the body meet its basic nutritional needs?

• Functional
• Essential
• Organic
• Biodiverse

a K 7 9. Which U.S. government agency certifies foods as grown and processed “organically”?

• Department of Agriculture
• Food and Drug Administration
• Department of Health and Human Services
• Federal Trade Commission

b K 7 10. Foods are considered “organic” if they are produced, gown, and harvested without the use of most conventional pesticides, fertilizers made with synthetic ingredients, bioengineering, or .

• distilled water
• ionizing radiation
• ultraviolet light
• greenhouses

c K 7 11. A U.S. government agency certifies that foods labeled as “organic” are as compared to foods not labeled as “organic.”

• more nutritious
• safer to eat
• grown in a specified way
• fresher

c K 7 12. To be labeled as “organic,” crackers must have at least % organic ingredients.

• 50
• 65
• 70
• 85

d K 8 13. What do scientists call the health-promoting substances found in plants?

• Zoonutrients
• Organics
• Functionals
• Phytochemicals

What Are the Major Nutrient Classes? (pp. 8-10)

d K 8 14. What do most cells use as their primary source of energy?

• Fatty acids
• Proteins
• Sucrose
• Glucose

b K 9 15. What do proteins contain that carbohydrates do not?

• Carbon
• Nitrogen
• Hydrogen
• Oxygen 2 / 4

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d K 9 16. Approximately how much of a human’s total body weight is water?

• 20%
• 35%
• 45%
• 60%

c K 10 17. Which nutrients function as antioxidants that protect your body from the damaging effects of toxic compounds such as air pollution?

• Carbohydrates
• Proteins
• Vitamins
• Minerals

b A 10 18. Someone who eats a diet that contains very little fat could be at risk for developing a deficiency of which vitamin?

• C
• E
• B1
• B12

a K 10 19. Like vitamins, cannot be used for energy, although many are involved in energy- producing reactions.

• minerals
• carbohydrates
• lipids
• proteins

How Do Foods Provide Energy? (pp. 10-13)

a K 10 20. How many kcalories would one get from consuming one gram of vitamin A?

• 0
• 4
• 7
• 9

c K 10 21. The body’s cells transfer the chemical energy from the carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids in food into .

• kcalories
• phytochemicals
• adenosine triphosphate
• nucleic acids

c K 11 22. How many calories are in a Calorie or a kcalorie?

• 10
• 100
• 1,000
• 10,000 3 / 4

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Toaster Coasters label Nutrition Facts Serving Size 1 pastry (54g) Servings Per Container 6

Ingredients: Enriched flour, bleached (wheat

flour, malted barley flour, niacin, ferrous sulfate, thiamin mononitrate, riboflavin, folic acid), water, partially hydrogenated soybean and cottonseed oil, high fructose corn syrup, sugar, huckleberries (10% of filling), maltodextrin, corn starch, modified corn starch, dry yeast, salt dextrose, whey, egg yolk, baking powder, citric acid, xanthan gum, mono and diglycerides, potassium sorbate and sodium benzoate (preservative), natural and artificial flavor, guar gum, polysorbate 60, locust bean gum, colored with (red 40, yellow 5, blue 1, artificial color), sucralose.

MAY CONTAIN WHEAT, MILK AND EGG

PRODUCTS

Amount Per Serving Calories 190 Calories from Fat 80 % Daily Value* Total Fat 9g 13% Saturated Fat 2g 10% Trans Fat 2g Cholesterol 5mg 2% Sodium 190mg 8% Total Carbohydrate 26g 9% Dietary Fiber less than 1g 0% Sugars 9g Protein 2g Vitamin A 0% • Vitamin C 0% Calcium 0% • Iron 4%

• Percent Daily Values are based on a 2,000 calorie diet.

Your Daily Values may be higher or lower depending on your calorie needs.

Refer to the Toaster Coasters label to answer questions 23-25.

a A 12 23. Which of the following is an accurate conclusion from the information on this food label?

• Roughly 42% of the Calories in a Toaster Coaster come from fat.
• Roughly 9% of the carbohydrate Calories in a Toaster Coaster come from sugar.
• Everything contained in a Toaster Coaster is considered a nutrient.
• Someone who should consume 2500 kcalories each day would get 9% of their

carbohydrate Calories from consuming 1 Toaster Coaster.

c A 11 24. Carlos ate half a box of Toaster Coasters before class yesterday. How many Calories did Carlos consume?

• 380
• 430
• 570
• 760

b A 10 25. Which ingredients in a box of Toaster Coasters would provide the body with energy?

• Salt, water, sugar
• Enriched flour, cottonseed oil, huckleberries
• Egg yolk, citric acid, dry yeast
• Sodium benzoate, corn starch, malted barley flour

c A 11-12 26. Approximately how many Calories would be provided by a food that contains 2 grams of protein, 8 grams of carbohydrate, and 5 grams of fat?

• 135
• 110
• 85
• 60
• / 4