Patho 370 Midterm Exam Review
Tertiary Prevention Examples (Ans- Counseling on medication; rehabilitation; supportive care; reducing disability
Latent Period (Ans- time between exposure of tissue to injurious agent and first appearance of signs and/or symptoms
Endemic (Ans- Native to local region
Subclinical Disease (Ans- no noticeable signs or symptoms (inapparent infection)
Etiology (Ans- cause of disease
Idiopathic (Ans- unknown cause
latrogenic (Ans- Cause results from unintended or unwanted medical treatment
Primary prevention (Ans- altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for susceptible persons
ex: vaccinations
Allostasis (Ans- process by which the body achieves stability through homeostasis
Selye's 3 Phases of Stress (Ans- Alarm reaction; resistance; exhaustion 1 / 3
sympathetic nervous system: Norepinephrine
(Ans- causes vasoconstriction & increases BP; Reduces gastric secretions; increases night and far vision
sympathetic nervous system: epinephrine
(Ans- enhances myocardial contractility; increases HR & CO; causes bronchodilation; increases glucose release from liver
Hormones released during the stress response (Ans- Cortisol Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) Norepinephrine Epinephrine Endorphines Oxytocin RAA pathway (renin-angiotensin-aldosterone)
Types of intracellular accumulation (Ans- -Excessive amounts of normal intracellular substance -Abnormal substances from faulty metabolism synthesis -particles that the cell is unable to degrade
Cellular adaptation types (Ans-
-Atrophy: Decrease cell size
-Hypertrophy: increase cell size
-Hyperplasia: increase cell number
-Metaplasia: conversion of one cell type to another
-Dysplasia: disorderly growth
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Coagulative necrosis (Ans- this process begins with ischemia, ends with degradation of plasma membrane (heart)
Liquefactive necrosis (Ans- liquification of lysosomal enzymes, formation of abscess or cyst from dissolved dead tissue (brain)
Fat necrosis (Ans- death of adipose tissue, appears as chalk white area ,usually due to trauma or pancreatitis (pancreas)
Caseous Necrosis (Ans- characteristic of lung damage secondary to tuberculosis (bacterial infection; resembles clumpy cheese (lung)
Apoptosis (Ans- programmed cell death
Side effects of chemotherapy (Ans- anemia nausea bleeding infections
-Oma (Ans- tumor
carcinoma (Ans- cancerous tumor (begins in kin or tissue that lines or covers body organs)
Sarcoma (Ans- malignant tumor (begins in bone or in soft tissue of the body)
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