(2024/2025) PATHO FINAL | PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL EXAM WITH
100 QUESTIONS AND VEIFIED ANSWERS, BEST FOR EXAM
PRACTICE
What is allergic asthma associated with?
ANSWER –
Type 1 Hypersensitivity; IgE mediated What are the S&S of ARDS?
ANSWER –
SOB, Shallow Rapid Breathing, Atelectasis (aveoli close), Dyspnea, Inspiratory Crackles, Respiratory Alkalosis, Decreased Lung Compliance, Hypoxemia What are the S&S of tension pneumothorax?
ANSWER –
Pressure that builds up and pushes the trachea towards the unaffected side; absent breath sounds over affected lung What is cystic fibrosis?
ANSWER –
Excessive mucous coating in the lungs and pancreas; Genetic Disorder (Autosomal Recessive).
Changes with an asthma attack:
ANSWER –
Wheezing, SOB, Bronchoconstriction, Dyspnea, Tachypnea (rapid breathing) How do you interpret ABG's?
ANSWER -
- Look at pH (acidosis - low or alkalosis - high)
- Check the CO2 (resp. indicator) - less than 35 (alkalosis) more than 45 (acidosis)
- Check the HCO3 (metabolic indicator) - less than 22 (acidosis) more than 26 (alkalosis)
- Determine primary disorder (matches the pH)
- Determine if its compensated (pH returns to normal or near normal)
Respiratory Acidosis: What happens to the pH/CO2?
ANSWER – 1 / 2
Elevation (increase) of pCO2 -- Decreased pH (acidosis)
Respiratory Alkalosis: What happens to the pH/CO2?
ANSWER –
Depression (decrease) of pCO2 -- Increased pH (alkalosis)
Metabolic Acidosis: What happens to the pH/HCO3?
ANSWER –
Depression (decrease) of HCO3 -- Decreased pH (acidosis)
Metabolic Alkalosis: What happens to the pH/HCO3?
ANSWER –
Elevation (increase) of HCO3 -- Increased pH (alkalosis) What are signs of renal cancer?
ANSWER –
No pain! Hematuria (Blood in the Urine How do you manage end stage renal disease?
ANSWER –
Dialysis, Fluid Restriction, Low Protein Diet, Decrease Medication Doses, Anti-hypertensive, Give Ca Supplements, Give Erythropoietin Shot, Give Iron Supplements/Blood Transfusion (anemic) What do you call kidney pain?
ANSWER –
Nephralgia What is the most helpful test to determine renal function?
ANSWER –
Creatinine What bacteria is associated with acute pyelonephritis?
ANSWER –
- coli
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