Pathophysiology: Exam 1 University of South
Alabama Questions with Correct Answers Etiology - Correct Answer Cause(s) for disease or condition idiopathic - Correct Answer disease or disorder w/ unknown cause iatrogenic - Correct Answer a disease or disorder acquired as a result of a physician's words or actions.risk factors - Correct Answer characteristics or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing a medical disorder or disease Pathophysiology - Correct Answer the study of how disease processes affect the function of the body Clinical Manifestations - Correct Answer signs and symptoms or evidence of disease symptom is subjective; reported by the individual sign is objective; examinations, lab work, x-rays/imaging diagnosis - Correct Answer Identification of an injury or disease; how do you know what's wrong?treatment - Correct Answer steps applied toward recovery; what will you do about it?latent period (incubation period) - Correct Answer the time elapsed from being exposed; NO signs or symptoms prodromal period - Correct Answer short period after incubation; early, mild symptoms such as headaches or fatigue acute phase (manifest illness) - Correct Answer biggest point of symptoms subclinical stage of disease - Correct Answer patient functions normally; disease processes are well established (symptoms don't show; too much damage) 1 / 3
Acute or chronic - Correct Answer Happening now; ex: I fell out and had a heart attack Chronic means ongoing condition/no cure exacerbations and remissions - Correct Answer Exacerbations- really bad flare up Remissions- little to NO flare ups sequela - Correct Answer abnormal condition or complication that is caused by the original disease and remains after the original disease has resolved ex; having a stroke can cause you to be weak on one side, blindness, etc factors affecting disease - Correct Answer age, gender, genetics, culture primary prevention - Correct Answer prevention of a disease ex; improved nutrition, immunizations, safety precautions secondary prevention - Correct Answer early detection of disease ex; physical exams or routine screenings tertiary prevention - Correct Answer treatment of disease ex; surgery or rehabilitation function of plasma membrane - Correct Answer to regulate what goes into and out of the cell, separates inside fluid from outside fluid what happens if the plasma membrane is injured? - Correct Answer ...what provides most of the membranes functions? - Correct Answer member proteins member proteins transport charged ions in and out (look at it as a gate that opens up and down) How do large molecules cross the membrane? - Correct Answer endocytosis of plasma membrane 2 / 3
Two types of endocytosis: Pinocytosis - cellular drinking Phagocytosis - cellular eating function of sodium potassium pump - Correct Answer controls solute concentration; LOW sodium inside cell (more sodium OUTSIDE) HIGH potassium outside (low potassium INSIDE) is energy (atp) required for the sodium potassium pump? - Correct Answer yes function of mitochondria - Correct Answer Powerhouse of the cell, cellular respiration aerobic metabolism - Correct Answer Happens inside of the mitochondria *Requires oxygen* anerobic metabolism - Correct Answer when glucose is broken down in the absence of oxygen and it yields only 2 ATP; also called glycolysis happens outside of mitochondria What are free radicals? - Correct Answer unstable oxygen-containing molecules that can damage the cells of the body and possibly contribute to the increased risk of chronic diseases; also called
OXIDANTS
what will counteract a free radical? - Correct Answer ANTIOXIDANTS such as vitamins A, E, C, and beta-carotene function of lysomes - Correct Answer digestive enzyme; Digests worn out cell parts WBC's contain many lysomes what do ribosomes manufacture? - Correct Answer protein synthesis in cells; commands directed by the nucleus What houses the DNA of a cell? - Correct Answer nucleus
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