NUR 2063 / NUR2063: Essentials of
Pathophysiology Exam 2 (Latest 2025 / 2026) Rasmussen What is the cause of increased glomerular filtration rate? - ANSWER increase in the glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure What is the most common cause of pyelonephritis? - ANSWER E. coli; ascending UTI What are the risk factors for developing chronic renal failure? - ANSWER too much Nsaids, chronic kidney disease; diabetes type 1; hypertension What are the functions of the kidneys? - ANSWER Regulation of blood pressure; regulating blood osmolarity; removal of toxins; blood filtration; activate vitamin D What are the clinical manifestations of benign prostatic hypertrophy? - ANSWER dribbling; difficulty initiating urine stream; hesitancy; urinary retention, decreased stream What substance controls the reabsorption of water from the collecting ducts? - ANSWER ADH- Anti Diuretic Hormone What is type 2 diabetes characterized as? - ANSWER peripheral tissue insulin resistance What are the clinical manifestations of Graves' disease? - ANSWER Exophthalmos (bulging eyes), goiter, enlarge thyroid, heat intolerance, anxiety- hyperthyroidism 1 / 2
What processes occur during fasting? - ANSWER glucogenesis; glycogenesis What type of tissue is accessed to promote energy production in type 1 diabetes? - ANSWER adipose/ fat What are the clinical manifestations of hypothyroidism? - ANSWER myxedema, fatigue, cold sensitivity, constipation, weight gain What are the clinical manifestations of hyperthyroidism? - ANSWER Goiter, fatigue, weight loss, infertility, memory loss, hair loss, muscle pain What are the clinical manifestation of hyper para thyroidism? - ANSWER fatigue, body aches, bone pain, depression, headaches, memory loss What are the clinical manifestations of hypo para thyroidism? - ANSWER numbness, tetany, parathesis, muscle spasms What are the clinical manifestations of ketoacidosis? - ANSWER fruity breath, drowsiness, nausea, thirst, confusion, lethargy, vomiting What mechanisms control hormone release and regulation? - ANSWER negative feedback loop What hormones are released by the anterior pituitary gland? - ANSWER Growth Hormone, prolactin, follicle stimulating hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone, LH, ACTH and endorphins
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