NUR 2063 / NUR2063: Essentials of
Pathophysiology Exam 2 (Latest 2023 / 2024) Rasmussen What are the functions of the kidneys? - Correct Answer Regulation of blood pressure; regulating blood osmolarity; removal of toxins; blood filtration; activate vitamin D What are the clinical manifestations of benign prostatic hypertrophy? - Correct Answer dribbling; difficulty initiating urine stream; hesitancy; urinary retention, decreased stream What substance controls the reabsorption of water from the collecting ducts? - Correct Answer ADH- Anti Diuretic Hormone What is type 2 diabetes characterized as? - Correct Answer peripheral tissue insulin resistance What are the clinical manifestations of Graves' disease? - Correct Answer Exophthalmos (bulging eyes), goiter, enlarge thyroid, heat intolerance, anxiety- hyperthyroidism What processes occur during fasting? - Correct Answer glucogenesis; glycogenesis What type of tissue is accessed to promote energy production in type 1 diabetes? - Correct Answer adipose/ fat What are the clinical manifestations of hypothyroidism? - Correct Answer myxedema, fatigue, cold sensitivity, constipation, weight gain What are the clinical manifestations of hyperthyroidism? - Correct Answer Goiter, fatigue, weight loss, infertility, memory loss, hair loss, muscle pain What are the clinical manifestation of hyper para thyroidism? - Correct Answer fatigue, body aches, bone pain, depression, headaches, memory loss What are the clinical manifestations of hypo para thyroidism? - Correct Answer numbness, tetany, parathesis, muscle spasms What are the clinical manifestations of ketoacidosis? - Correct Answer fruity breath, drowsiness, nausea, thirst, confusion, lethargy, vomiting What mechanisms control hormone release and regulation? - Correct Answer negative feedback loop 1 / 2
What hormones are released by the anterior pituitary gland? - Correct Answer Growth Hormone, prolactin, follicle stimulating hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone, LH, ACTH and endorphins What is diabetes insipidus? - Correct Answer a disorder caused by inadequate amounts of ADH which causes excessive water loss clinical manifestations of diabetes insipidus - Correct Answer polyuria, nocturia, continuous thirst, and polydipsia clinical manifestations of Cushings syndrome? - Correct Answer Excessive secretion of cortisol causes redistribution of fat, "moon face", "buffalo" hump on the back and pendulous abdomen. - Facial skin is flushed (high blood pressure), skin covering abdomen develops stretch marks - • ndividual bruises easily and wound healing is poor - Approximately 1/2 develop mental status changes from irritability to severe psychiatric disturbance - Females may experience changes due to increased androgen levels clinical manifestations of secondary hypothyroidism - Correct Answer Weakness. - Fatigue. - Cold intolerance. - Constipation. - Weight gain. - Depression. - Joint or muscle pain. - Brittle fingernails.clinical manifestations of primary hypothyroidism - Correct Answer fatigue. - lethargy. - sensitivity to cold. - depression. - muscle weakness.clinical manifestations of primary aldosteronism - Correct Answer hypertension and hypokalemia clinical manifestations of secondary aldosteronism - Correct Answer High blood pressure. - Low level of potassium in the blood. - Feeling tired all the time. - Headache. -
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