Pathophysiology Quiz Notes with Complete Solutions Meningococcal meningitis - Correct Answer An infection of the meninges, the thin lining covering the brain and spinal cord, caused by the bacterium Neisseria meningitidis.Incubation - Correct Answer The period between exposure to an infection and the appearance of the first symptoms.Idiopathic - Correct Answer A condition or disease that arises spontaneously or from an obscure or unknown cause.Atrophy - Correct Answer A decrease in the size of an organ or tissue due to a decrease in cell size or number.Dehydration, polycythemia - Correct Answer Possible reasons for elevated red blood cell count.Insulin - Correct Answer A hormone that regulates blood sugar levels and is not normally secreted in response to stress.Exhaustion - Correct Answer The ultimate result of prolonged stress in the general adaptation syndrome, leading to breakdown of the body's resistance.Muscle wasting, immune suppression - Correct Answer Consequences of chronic activation of stress hormones.Allostasis - Correct Answer The process by which the body responds to stressors in order to regain homeostasis.Necrosis - Correct Answer Cell death due to disease, injury, or failure of the blood supply.Replacement of one differentiated cell type with another - Correct Answer Definition of metaplasia. 1 / 2
Ischemia - Correct Answer The restriction of blood supply to tissues, leading to a shortage of oxygen and glucose needed for cellular metabolism.Hypertrophy - Correct Answer The increase in the size of an organ or tissue due to the enlargement of its cells.Nutrition affects cellular health - Correct Answer Accurate statement regarding nutrition and cellular health.Reperfusion injury - Correct Answer Injury to tissue caused when blood supply returns to the tissue after a period of ischemia or lack of oxygen.Hypothermia - Correct Answer Extreme cold injures cells by slowing metabolism and causing ice crystal formation.Intracellular parasites, lack of cell wall - Correct Answer Ways in which viruses differ from most bacteria.Inhibition of oxygen transport - Correct Answer How carbon monoxide injures cells.Toxins, enzymes, invasion - Correct Answer Ways bacteria cause injury to cells.BRCA gene mutation - Correct Answer Associated with increased risk of breast cancer in women.Differentiation, mitotic rate, and tissue invasion - Correct Answer Factors considered in cancer grading.Cellular growth and differentiation - Correct Answer Best answer for the definition of proto- oncogenes.p53 - Correct Answer The most common tumor suppressor gene defect identified in cancer cells.Nausea, hair loss, anemia - Correct Answer Side effects of chemotherapy.
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