ATLS EXAM 2024/2025
Patients with a GSC of less than ___ usually require intubation. - ANSWER 8 The "A" in ABCD stands for _______. - ANSWER Airway maintenance with CERVICAL SPINE PROTECTION You should assume that any patient in a multisystem trauma with an altered level of consciousness or blunt injury above the clavicle has what type of injury? - ANSWER Cervical spine injury Flail chest is invariably accompanied by ______ which can interfere with blood oxygenation. - ANSWER pulmonary contusion - do NOT over fluid resuscitate these patients! 1 / 4
Hypotension is caused by _____ until proven otherwise. - ANSWER hypovolemia When you don't have/can't get a blood pressure, what are three things to look for when evaluating perfusion. - ANSWER 1. Level of consciousness (brain perfusion), 2. Skin color (ashen face/grey extremities) 3.Pulse (bilateral femoral - thready/tachy) Elderly patients have a limited ability to ______ to compensate for blood loss. - ANSWER increase heart rate Resuscitation fluids should be warmed 39 degrees Celsius (102.2 F). Can you use a microwave to do this? - ANSWER YES - for CRYSTALLOID ONLY (but NOT for blood products).Urinary catheters are good for assessing renal perfusion and volume status. List 5 signs of urethral injury that might prevent you from inserting one. - ANSWER Blood at urethral meatus, perineal ecchymosis, blood in scrotum, high-riding/non- palpable prostate, pelvic fracture 2 / 4
Which arm should you NOT put a pulse-ox on? - ANSWER The arm with a blood pressure cuff on it Name two anatomical things that can interfere with doing a FAST scan. - ANSWER Obesity & intraluminal bowel gas When should radiographs be obtained? - ANSWER During the SECONDARY survey.How do you get an ample patient history? - ANSWER A=Allergies, M=Medications, P=PMH/Pregnancy, L=Last meal, E=Events/Environment of injury Why might you want a Bair Hugger for a patient who smells of alcohol? - ANSWER Vasodilation can lead to hypothermia 3 / 4
What things are you looking for when you do a DRE in a trauma? - ANSWER Blood, high-riding prostate (in males), and sphincter tone What should you do for every female patient? - ANSWER Pregnancy test (females of childbearing age) Adult patients should maintain UOP of at least ___ mL/kg/hr. Kids should have at least ___ mL/kg/hr. - ANSWER Adults 0.5 mL/kg/hr, Kids 1.0 ml/kg/hr Preventing hypercarbia is critical in patients who have sustained a _____ injury. - ANSWER head What two places would you LOOK at a patient if you suspect hypoxemia? - ANSWER Lips and fingernail beds
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