PEDIATRIC FINAL EXAM PEDS FINAL EXAM 2023-

PEDIATRIC FINAL EXAM /PEDS FINAL EXAM 2023-

2024 VERSION A ACTUAL EXAM ALL 100 QUESTIONS

AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED

ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+

A 2-month-old male is brought to the pediatric clinic. The infant has had vomiting and diarrhea for 24 hours. The infant's anterior fontanel is sunken. The child is irritable, and the nurse notes that the infant does not produce tears when he cries. Which of the following tasks will help confirm the diagnosis of dehydration?

• Urinalysis obtained by bagged specimen
• Urinalysis obtained by sterile catheterization

✓ C. Analysis of serum electrolytes

• Analysis of cerebrospinal fluid

Rationale: The analysis of serum electrolytes offers the most information and assists with the diagnosis dehydration.

Question #: 2

An expectant mother asks the nurse if her new baby will likely have an umbilical hernia. The nurse bases the response on which of the following?

• Umbilical hernias occur more often in large infants.
• Umbilical hernias occur more often in white infants than in African-American infants.
• Umbilical hernias occur twice as often in male infants.

✓ D. Umbilical hernias occur more often in premature infants.Rationale: Umbilical hernia occurs commonly in preterm infants and much more frequently in African Americans compared to Caucasians.

Question #: 3

Identify the arrhythmia pictured below: 1 / 4

✓ A. Ventricular tachycardia

• Sinus tachycardia
• Supraventricular tachycardia
• Coarse ventricular fibrillation

Question #: 4

Which of the following is true of a Wilms' tumor? Select all that apply.

• It is also referred to as a neuroblastoma.

✓ B. It occur most often between ages 2 and 3 years of age.

• It is a slow-growing tumor.

✓ D. Prognosis depends on staging and metastasis upon diagnosis.✓ E. The abdomen should not be palpated after initial assessment.

Question #: 5

Based on the nurse's knowledge of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL), the prognosis is based on the:

✓ A. initial white blood cell count, cytogenetic factors and extra medullary involvement.

• race, gender and age at the time of diagnosis.
• amount of time needed to initiate treatment.
• allergy history of the child. 2 / 4

Rationale: Prognosis is based on the white blood cell count (WBC) at diagnosis, the type of cytogenic factors, and immunophenotype, the age at diagnosis, and the extent of extramedullary involvement.

Question #: 6

A child diagnosed with leukemia is receiving allopurinol as part of the treatment plan. The parents ask why their child is receiving this medication. What information about the medication should the nurse provide?

✓ A. It decreases the production of uric acid.

• It is used to make the chemotherapy work better.
• It is given to reduce the nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapy.
• It helps reduce pain in the bone marrow.

Rationale: Allopurinol decreases production of uric acid. It is used to treat secondary hyperuricemia occurring during leukemia or tumor treatment.

Question #: 7

The nurse is assessing a 10-year-old child. The parents state the child has had several "accidents" over the last 4 months, which have not occurred since the child was 3-years-old. The nurse knows that this is referred to as which of the following?

• Primary enuresis

✓ B. Secondary enuresis

• Diurnal enuresis
• Nocturnal enuresis

Rationale: Secondary enuresis: urinary in the child who previously demonstrated bladder control over a period of at least 3 to 6 consecutive months

Question #: 8

A hospitalized child is to receive 75mg of acetaminophen (Tylenol) for fever 101F (38.3C). If the acetaminophen (Tylenol) is 80mg per 0.8mL, how much will the nurse administer?

✓ A. 0.75 mL

• 1.5 mL
• 2.5 mL 3 / 4

• 3 mL

Question #: 9

A 10-month-old with heart failure weighs 10 kg. Digoxin (Lanoxin) is prescribed as 10 mcg/kg/day to be given every 12 hours. How much is given per dose?

✓ A. 50 mcg.

• 100 mcg.
• 10 mcg.
• 500 mcg.

Question #: 10

Which of the following should the nurse include when completing discharge instructions for the parents of a 12- month-old child diagnosed with Kawasaki disease (KD) and being discharged home?

• Instruct parents to have the child receive measles vaccine as soon as possible if the child has not already

received it.✓ B. Take the child's temperature until the child has been afebrile for several days.

• Check the child's blood pressure daily until the follow-up appointment.
• Call the primary health care provider if the irritability lasts for more than 2 weeks.

Rationale: Avoid measles and varicella vaccines for 11 months after administration of high dose IVIG. Blood pressure will not need to be monitor, but temperature will. Irritability may last for up to 2 months after initial diagnosis.

Question #: 11

The charge nurse is educating a nursing student about Acute Rheumatic Fever (ARF). Which of the following statements if made by the nursing student would indicate that further teaching is necessary?

• "Acute rheumatic fever is diagnosed using the modified Jones Criteria."
• "If valvular disease is present, the client will need prophylactic antibiotics until age 40."

✓ C. "If no valvular disease is present, the client will not need prophylactic antibiotics."

• "Acute rheumatic fever is a delayed result of a group A streptococcal pharyngeal infection."

Rationale: Diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever is done using the modified Jones Criteria (two major, or 1 major and

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