PHA1500 PHA 1500 STRUCTURE AND

PHA1500 PHA 1500 STRUCTURE AND

FUNCTION OF THE HUMAN BODY MIDTERM

EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED

ANSWERS 2025 RASMUSSEN UNIVERSITY

• Which plane divides the body into right and left halves?
• Frontal
• Sagittal
• Transverse
• Coronal

The sagittal plane divides the body into right and left portions, with the midsagittal plane dividing it exactly at the midline.

• Which of the following best describes homeostasis?
• A disease state
• Complete balance in body temperature
• The body’s ability to maintain a stable internal environment
• Positive feedback loop

Homeostasis refers to the maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment despite external changes. 1 / 3

3. The smallest living unit in the body is the:

• Organelle
• Tissue
• Organ
• Cell

Cells are the basic structural and functional units of life.

• Which organ system is responsible for transporting oxygen and nutrients

throughout the body?

• Respiratory system
• Cardiovascular system
• Digestive system
• Integumentary system

The cardiovascular system transports oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste products.

• Which cavity contains the heart and lungs?
• Abdominal cavity
• Thoracic cavity
• Pelvic cavity
• Cranial cavity

The thoracic cavity houses both the lungs and heart.

• Which term describes the position of the hand in anatomical position?
• Supinated
• Pronated
• Flexed 2 / 3

• Neutral

In anatomical position, the palms face forward, which is the supinated position.

• What is the primary function of the mitochondria?
• Protein synthesis
• DNA storage
• Intracellular digestion
• Energy production (ATP)

Mitochondria are the powerhouse of the cell, producing ATP through cellular respiration.

• What type of tissue lines most of the respiratory tract?
• Stratified squamous
• Simple cuboidal
• Pseudostratified ciliated columnar
• Transitional epithelium

This type of epithelium traps and moves particles out of the airways.

• Which organelle is involved in protein synthesis?
• Ribosome
• Golgi apparatus
• Lysosome
• Mitochondrion

Ribosomes assemble amino acids into proteins.

• What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?
• Producing energy
• / 3