Pharmacology Final Exam Lecture Questions 2023 Which is the correct action when the nurse is administering sucralfate? (select all that apply)
- Giving the drug with meals
- Giving the drug on an empty stomach
- Instructing patient to restrict fluids
- Waiting 30 minutes before administering other drugs
- Giving other drugs 2 hours before giving the sucralfate - Correct Answer B, E
- Motion Sickness
- Vertigo
- Gastroesophageal reflux
- Delayed gastric emptying
- GI obstruction - Correct Answer C, D
- Go ahead and take the missed dose now, along with today's dose
- Don't worry, you are still protected from pregnancy
- Please come to the clinic for a reevaluation of your therapy
- Wait 7 days and then start a new pack of pills
- You will need to use a backup form of contraception concurrently for 7 days - Correct
In reviewing the various types of anti-nausea medications, the nurse recognizes that prokinetic drugs are also used for which condition(s)? (select all that apply)
A patient calls the clinic because she realized she missed one dose of an oral contraceptive. Which statement from the nurse is appropriate? (select all that apply)
Answer A, E A patient is recovering from an appendectomy. She also has asthma and allergies to shellfish and iodine. To manage her postoperative pain, the physician has prescribed patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) with hydromorphone (Dilaudid). Which vital sign is of greatest concern?A.Pulse B.Blood pressure C.Temperature D.Respirations - Correct Answer D. Respirations This patient has a history of asthma and allergies, and she will be receiving a drug that can depress respirations. 1 / 3
A patient who has metastasized bone cancer has been on transdermal fentanyl patches for pain management for 3 months. He has been hospitalized for tests and has told the nurse that his pain is becoming "unbearable." The nurse is reluctant to give him the ordered pain medication because the nurse does not want the patient to get addicted to the medication. What do the nurse's actions reflect?A.Appropriate concern for the patient's best welfare B.Appropriate caution for a patient who is already on a long-term opioid C.An uncaring attitude toward the patient D.A failure to manage the patient's pain properly - Correct Answer D Patients with severe pain, including metastatic pain or bone pain, may need higher and higher doses of analgesics. The nurse is responsible for ensuring that the patient experiences adequate pain relief.A patient with a history of heavy alcohol use needs a medication for pain. The recommended maximum daily dose of acetaminophen for this patient would be A.1000 mg.B.2000 mg.C.3000 mg.D.4000 mg. - Correct Answer B Chronic heavy alcohol abusers may be at increased risk of liver toxicity from excessive acetaminophen use. For this reason, a maximum daily dose of 2000 mg is generally recommended for these persons.Case Study #1 - Correct Answer You are the home health nurse assigned to care for a patient who is in the terminal phases of breast cancer. Mrs. D. is 48 years of age and underwent bilateral mastectomy 4 years ago. She had lymph node involvement at the time of surgery, and recently has been diagnosed with metastasis to the bone. She has been taking one 5 mg tablet of oxycodone every 4-6 hours for pain as needed. She is not sleeping through the night and is now complaining of increasing pain to the point that her quality of life has decreased significantly. She wants to stay at home during the terminal phases of her illness but needs to have adequate and safe pain control. Her husband of 18 years is very supportive. They have no children. They are both college graduates and have medical insurance.1a. Mrs. D's recent increase in pain has been attributed to bone metastasis in the area of the lumbar spine. At this time, the oxycodone is not beneficial, and you as the home health care nurse need to advocate for Mrs. D. to receive adequate pain relief. - Correct Answer Mrs. D. visits her physician and receives a different opioid medication that is given around the clock, plus an additional medication to help with any breakthrough pain. 2 / 3
1b. What type of drug is given for breakthrough pain? - Correct Answer Generally, the drug used to manage breakthrough pain is a short-acting form of the longer-acting opioid being given. For example, an immediate-release morphine will be used for breakthrough pain while sustained-release morphine used for round-the-clock pain relief 1c. After 1 week, Mr. D. finds Mrs. D. awake but lethargic, and speaking with slurred words. What do you think has happened? What should Mr. D. do? - Correct Answer It is possible that she has received too much opioid medication and is oversedated. Any changes in mental status will have to be evaluated immediately to rule out other causes that may not be related to the medications. Mr. D. needs to notify her physician immediately, and, if necessary, take Mrs. D. to the emergency department, especially if she shows difficulty breathing. The opioid drug dosage will have to be adjusted.1d. Mrs. D is taken to the emergency department and is treated for oversedation. Her physician is contacted, and the medication doses are adjusted to a lower dose. How can this problem be prevented in the future? - Correct Answer Before giving the medication, Mr. D. should note her respirations. If Mrs. D.'s respirations are fewer than 10 to 12 breaths/min, the drug should not be given and the physician should be notified.In general, long-term opioid use is associated with tolerance to respiratory depression.However, Mr. D. should notify the physician without delay if she has any difficulty in breathing, dizziness, or excessive sedation. The nurse should also always include nonpharmacologic methods of pain management, such as massage, relaxation, distraction, imagery, and other methods mentioned in Box 10-1.The nurse is administering medications. One patient has an order for aspirin 325 mg by mouth daily and another patient has an order for aspirin 650 mg 4 to 6 times daily (maximum 4 g/day). What indication for the 325 mg should the nurse recognize?A.Pain management B.Fever reduction C.Treatment of OA D.Thromboprevention - Correct Answer D "Low-dose" aspirin, such as 81 or 325 mg once daily, is given for thromboprevention.Dosages for pain, fever, or arthritis are much higher usually.A patient is admitted with salicylate toxicity. When assessing the patient, the nurse anticipates which manifestation associated with salicylate toxicity?A.Bradycardia B.Hypoventilation C.Constipation D.Hyperglycemia - Correct Answer D Manifestations of salicylate toxicity include increased heart rate, tinnitus, hearing loss, dimness of vision, headache, dizziness, mental confusion, lassitude, drowsiness,
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