Pharmacology Final Exam REVIEW!!!! Latest

Pharmacology Final Exam REVIEW!!!! Latest Update 2024-2025 Actual Exam 130 Questions and 100% Correct Answers Guaranteed A+

. Nicotinic acid is prescribed for a patient with elevated lipid levels. The nurse informs the patient that which adverse effects may occur with this medication?

• Pruritus, cutaneous flushing
• Tinnitus, urine with a burnt odor
• Myalgia, fatigue

D. Blurred vision, headaches - CORRECT ANSWER: Pruritus, cutaneous flushing

• When monitoring a patient who has diabetes and is receiving a carbonic anhydrase

inhibitor for edema, the nurse monitors for which possible adverse effect?

• Metabolic alkalosis
• Elevated blood glucose
• Hyperkalemia

D. Drowsiness - CORRECT ANSWER: B. Elevated Blood glucose and glycosuria in

diabetics

• When teaching a patient about antihypertensive drug therapy, which statement by the

nurse is correct? Select all that apply.

• "You should try to have your blood pressure checked once a week and keep track of

the readings."

• "If you notice that the symptoms have gone away, you should be able to stop taking

the drug."

• "An exercise program may be helpful in treating hypertension, but let's check with

your doctor first."

• "If you experience severe side effects, stop the medicine and let us know at your next

office visit."

• "Most over-the-counter decongestants are compatible with antihypertensive drugs." 1 / 4

• "please continue the medication, even if you are feeling better" - CORRECT

ANSWER: "You should try to have your blood pressure checked once a week and keep track of the readings."

• "An exercise program may be helpful in treating hypertension, but let's check with

your doctor first."

• "If you experience severe side effects, stop the medicine and let us know at your next

office visit."f. "please continue the medication, even if you are feeling better"

1.When administering topical nitroglycerin ointment, the nurse should use which technique?

• The ointment should be applied on the chest over the heart.
• The ointment should be used only in the case of a mild angina episode.
• The old ointment should be removed before new ointment is applied.
• The ointment should be massaged gently into the skin, then covered with plastic

wrap. - CORRECT ANSWER: C. The old ointment should be removed before new

ointment is applied.

• A patient in the neurologic intensive care unit is being treated for cerebral edema

and is given which type of drug to reduce intracranial pressure?

• Loop diuretics
• Osmotic diuretics
• Thiazide diuretics

D. Vasodilators - CORRECT ANSWER: B. Osmotic diuretics

• A patient who has been taking antihypertensive drugs for a few months complains of

having a persistent dry cough. The nurse knows that this cough is an adverse effect of which class of antihypertensive drugs?

• Beta-blockers
• Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
• Angiotensin-receptor blockers (ARBs)

D. Calcium channel blockers - CORRECT ANSWER: B. Angiotensin-converting enzyme

(ACE) inhibitors other adverse effects are: fatigue, dizziness, mood changes, and 2 / 4

headaches. Dry non productive cough which is reversible when stopping ACE therapy.has a first dose hypotension effect

• The nurse administering the phosphodiesterase inhibitor inamrinone recognizes that

this drug should have a positive inotropic effect. This effect will result in increased

• heart rate.
• blood vessel dilation.
• force of cardiac contraction.
• conduction of electrical impulses across the heart. - CORRECT ANSWER: C. force of

cardiac contraction. (increase cAMP) positive inotropic (by more calcium available in SR)effect and vasodilation, (inodilators)---positive chornotropic effect); USED IN ICU; ADVERSE EFFECT...thrombocytopenia, dysrhythmia, ventricular, hypotension and angina, hypokalemia, tremor.

• The nurse should monitor for muscle pain and possible myopathy when a patient is

taking which class of antilipemic drugs?

• Bile acid sequestrants
• HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
• Fibric acid derivatives

D. Niacin - CORRECT ANSWER: B. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors

10.While assessing a patient who is taking a beta-blocker for angina, the nurse knows to monitor for which adverse effect?

• Nervousness
• Hypertension
• Bradycardia

D. Dry cough - CORRECT ANSWER: C. Bradycardia (blocks beta 1 and beta 2

receptors) other adverse effects: negative chronotropic, decrease cardiac output, and negative dromotropic effect, beta 2: bronchoconstriction, increased airway resistence (asthma and COPD), cardiac rhytm, decrease renin release.

• / 4

• A 79-year-old patient is taking a diuretic for treatment of hypertension. This patient is

very independent and wants to continue to live at home, despite his diagnosis of mild heart failure. The nurse will know that which teaching point is important for this patient?

• He should take the diuretic with his evening meal.
• He should skip the diuretic dose if he plans to leave the house.
• If he feels dizzy while on this medication, he should stop taking it and take potassium

supplements instead.

• He should take extra precautions when standing up because of possible orthostatic

hypotension and resulting injury from falls. - CORRECT ANSWER: D. He should take extra precautions when standing up because of possible orthostatic hypotension and resulting injury from falls.

• The nurse notes in a patient's medical record that nesiritide has been ordered.

Based on this order, the nurse interprets that the patient has which disorder?

• Atrial fibrillation
• Acutely decompensated heart failure with dyspnea at rest
• Systolic heart failure

D. Long-term treatment of heart failure. - CORRECT ANSWER: B. Acutely

decompensated heart failure with dyspnea at rest

• When teaching a patient who is beginning antilipemic therapy about possible drug-

food interactions, the nurse should discuss which food?

• Oatmeal
• Grapefruit juice
• Licorice

D. Dairy products - CORRECT ANSWER: B. Grapefruit juice

• Which drug is commonly used for a pregnant patient who is experiencing

hypertension?

• mannitol (Osmitrol)
• enalapril (Vasotec)
• hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL)
• / 4