PHARMACOLOGY NURS 251 MODULE EXAM 8 (ACTUAL
2025/2026) PORTAGE LEARNING/ABCNURSING/GENEVA
COLLEGE QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS
What is pain?A basic protective mechanism of the body
What does the sensation of pain do?It serves as a warning of imminent danger (fire) or that there is something wrong in the body (cancer).
What is the chemical category of Morphine-like drugs?Phenanthrenes
What are some drug examples of Morphine-like drugs?Morphine, Hydromorphone, Oxymorphone, Coedine, Hydrocodone, Oxycodone
What brand name is Hydromorphone marketed under?Dilaudid 1 / 4
What brand name is Oxymorphone marketed under?Opana
What is the chemical category of Meperidine-like drugs?Phenylpiperidines
What are some drug examples of Meperidine-like drugs?Meperidine and Fentanyl
What brand name is Meperidine marketed under?Demerol
What brand name is Fentanyl marketed under?Duragesic
What is the chemical category of Methadone-like drugs?Phenylheptanes
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What are some drug examples of Methadone-like drugs?Methadone
What is the mechanism of action of how Opioids work to treat pain?They bind to the opioid receptors in the brain; functioning as opioid agonists OR stimulate the opioid receptors, causing an analgesic response.
What are the most prevalent opioid receptors that drugs bind to in order to exert its effect?Mu, Kappa, and Delta receptors
What is Relative potency/Morphine Equivalents?A system devised by which morphine would be the opioid that all other opioids are compared to in terms of potency.
What is the opioid analgesic schedule of CODINE?Schedule II, but Schedule III when combined with other drugs
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What is the potency of Codeine?less than morphine
What is the potency of Hydrocodone?Les than morphine
What drugs have the same potency as Morphine?Oxycodone (II), Methadone (II), and Meperidine (II)
What is the potency of Morphine?Good
What drugs have a greater potency than Morphine?Oxymorphone (II), Hydromorphone (II), and Fentanyl (II)
Special considerations for Codeine (Tylenol w/ Codeine)?Commonly available in combination with non-opioids (acetaminophen) or cough suppressant drugs
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