PHTLS 10TH EDITION STUDY GUIDE EXAM NEWEST

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PHTLS 10TH EDITION STUDY GUIDE EXAM NEWEST

2025 TEST BANK| COMPLETE 150 QUESTIONS AND

CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED

ANSWERS) ALREADY GRADED A+| LATEST 2025 !!

What does the GCS score indicate?

• Mild TBI
• Moderate TBI
• Severe TBI
• No TBI - Correct Answer - B

A total GCS score of 13 to 15 likely indicates a mild TBI whereas a score of 9 to 12 is indicative of moderate TBI. A GCS score of 3 to 8 suggests severe TBI.

When you examine the patient's pupils, you notice the right one is dilated significantly and her motor response on the left is delayed. What does this suggest?

• Coup-countercoup injury
• Hyphema
• Hypoxia
• Uncal herniation - Correct Answer - D

When the medial portion of the temporal lobe (uncus) is pushed toward the tentorium and puts pressure on the brain stem, herniation compresses CN III, the motor tract, and the reticular activating system on the same side, resulting in a dilated or blown pupil on the same side, motor 1 / 4

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pg. 2 weakness on the opposite side, and respiratory dysfunction, progressing to coma.

Which of the following signs would be most concerning at this point?

• A drop in systolic blood pressure to 88 mm Hg
• SpO₂ of 93%
• A field GCS motor score of 4
• Hemiplegia on the left side - Correct Answer - A

A systolic blood pressure of less than 90 mm Hg indicates secondary brain injury. Her SpO2 is > 90%, and a motor score of 4 is not as concerning.

According to the Monro-Kellie doctrine, what happens to the brain when it is still in a compensated state after a TBI?

• CSF, ICP, heart rate, and blood pressure are still within normal range.
• CSF increases, ICP decreases, heart rate increases, and blood pressure

decreases.

• CSF and blood volume decrease, while heart rate and blood pressure

are still within normál range.

• CSF decreases, ICP increases, heart rate decreases, and blood

pressure increases. - Correct Answer - C In a compensated state, CSF and blood volume decrease, while heart rate and blood pressure are still within normal range.

You are responding to a call for 25-year-old, fit and healthy female who fell off a mountain bike. Upon arrival, you find the patient walking 2 / 4

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pg. 3 around. She is alert but complaining of pain in her clavicle and on her right side when she inhales. You notice that her helmet is split in two.What is the first thing you need to do?

• Complete a review of the ABCs.
• Check motor and sensory function.
• Perform manual in-line stabilization.
• Place her on a backboard. - Correct Answer - C

Because there's a possibility of spinal injury, you should bring the patient's head into a neutral in-line position.

While en route to the hospital, you manage to put an 18-gauge IV in the right arm. Your patient is still confused, and you still have no radial

pulse. Your next move is to:

• give 1-L fluid bolus.
• give one 250-mL fluid bolus, and then stop.
• give fluid until you get a radial pulse.
• administer TXA. - Correct Answer - C

Now is the time to titrate IV fluids to restore tissue perfusion. Giving 1 liter blindly could overshoot your target pressure and reinforce internal bleeding. TXA is not a priority, although it can run parallel to fluids.

After 400 mL of lactated Ringer solution, you get a radial pulse and his level of consciousness improves. The monitor shows heart rate 110 beats/minute, blood pressure 85/60mm Hg, SpO2 95%, ventilation rate 25 breaths/minute. What should you do?

• Give an additional 500 mL of lactated Ringer solution. 3 / 4

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• Stop fluids and give 2 g of TXA.
• Give TXA and 500 mL of normal saline.
• Give 2 mg of morphine for analgesia. - Correct Answer - B

The patient does not need more fluids right now. Giving morphine in a shocked patient is a risky move and could lead to dangerous hypotension.

You and your partner are responding to a call for a 2-year-old patient with a burn injury to the hand. He has a visible burn to the left hand, ending at the level above the wrist, red color, and wet in appearance.What type of burn do you suspect the patient has sustained?

• Superficial (first degree)
• Partial thickness (second degree)
• Full thickness (third degree)
• Subdermal (fourth degree) - Correct Answer - B

Scald burns are the most common burns seen in the pediatric population ages 1 to 5 years. Scalds are partial thickness burns. The dermal layer is damaged, and blisters are present or popped. It is also the most painful type of burn.

The patient's care giver is a babysitter who reports the child was crawling on the counter and placed his hand in a pot of water that was boiling on the stove. She is applying ice to the burn and the child is shivering. What is your next step?

• Administer analgesia for pain.
• Cover the patient with a blanket to stop the shivering.
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