HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Questions and Answers
What is histology? - Answer: The study of tissues
What is a tissue? - Answer: A group of cells that act together to perform a specific function.
What are the fundamental tissues? - Answer: Epithelial
Connective Muscle Nerve (Elephants Can Make News) What is the function of epithelial cells? - Answer: Cover, line, and protect the body and the internal organs.What is the function of connective tissue? - Answer: Framework of the body. Provides support and structure to organs.What is neuroglia? - Answer: The neurons and connective tissue cells that compose nerve tissue.What ability does muscle tissue have? - Answer: Ability to contract and shorten.What is muscle tissue classified as? - Answer: Voluntary(skeletal muscles) and involuntary(smooth & cardiac) 1 / 3
What is meiosis? - Answer: The cell division that takes place in the gonads, i.e. the ovaries and testes.
What two layers compose the skin? - Answer: Epidermis and dermis.
What is the epidermis? - Answer: The outermost protective layer of dead keratinized epithelial cells.What is the dermis? - Answer: The underlying layer of connective tissue with blood vessels, nerve endings, and the associated skin tissues.
What are the layers of the epidermis? - Answer: Corneum
Lucidum Granulosum Germivatum ( basale & spinosum)
Mnemonic: Candy Lions Growl Great.
What does the protein pigment melanin protect against? - Answer: Radiation from the Sun What is the dermis composed of? - Answer: Fibrous connective tissue with nerve endings, blood vessels, sensory nerve endings, hair follicles, and glands.
What are the 2 types of sweat glands? - Answer: ecrine & apocrine
What do ecrine sweat glands produce? - Answer: Sweat. Regulate body temperature.What do apocrine sweat glands produce? - Answer: Secretions contain bits of cytoplasm from cells, attracting bacteria that produces body odor.What do sebaceous glands secrete? - Answer: They secrete sebum through the hair follicles, which lubricates the skin and prevents drying. 2 / 3
What secretion produces oil? - Answer: Holocrine secretion.
What are sebaceous glands prone to during adolescence? - Answer: Becoming clogged and attracting bacteria.
What protein composes the hair and skin? - Answer: Keratin
What makes the body's framework? - Answer: Bone, cartilage, ligaments & joints.What are the functions of the skeletal system? - Answer: Support, movement, blood cell formation, protection of internal organs, detoxification, muscle attachment, mineral storage. *A MIME BATHED SEALS SINGING "MY PONY"*
How are bones classified? - Answer: By shape.
Long Short flat irregular sesamoid
*LEMURS SING SALSA FOR INDIANS*
What is the name for the cells that compose compact bone? - Answer: Osteoblasts
What occurs to osteoblasts when they become fixed in the dense bone matrix? - Answer: They stop dividing but continue to maintain body tissues as osteocytes.How many bones make up the axial skeleton? - Answer: 28 bones of the skull. 14-facial, 14-cranium.
How many bones make the facial skeleton? - Answer: 2 nasal bones
- maxillary bones
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