PLTW Civil Engineering Exam Overview Questions with Correct Answers 100% Verified History of Engineering and Architecture Civil Engineering - Correct Answer An engineer trained in the design and construction of public works, such as bridges, dams, and other large facilities.Architecture - Correct Answer Art and science of designing buildings for human habitation.Building Materials - Correct Answer Materials were chosen based on availability and climate.Examples of buildings based on climate: - Correct Answer -Ruins of Babylon. All that remains of the famous city-state is a mound of broken mud-brick dwellings.-Greece consists almost entirely of limestone with many sources of fine marble. Therefore many Greek structures were constructed with limestone and marble.-View of the city of Machu Picchu constructed from stone cut from the surrounding mountains.-Wood was readily available in China. Traditional Chinese wooden architecture changed little over thousands of years.Vernacular Architecture - Correct Answer Methods of construction that use locally available resources and traditions to address local needs.Examples of Vernacular Architecture - Correct Answer -An igloo, an Inuit winter dwelling.-African Hut at Bana, a small village of Cameroon.-Apache wikiup built of brush, grass, or reed.-Traditional Nepalese house built of stone and clay.-Southern African rondavel(or banda) The Pyramids examples - Correct Answer -A Bearing Wall for Stepped Pyramids.-Great Pyramid of Khufu -Kukulkan's Pyramid 1 / 2
Progress of building: - Correct Answer Pyramids to modern pyramids,
the Parthenon to arches, vaults and domes.Famous buildings containing these building styles - Correct Answer Pantheon, Colosseum, Great Wall of China, Water Supply, Roman Bridges - Correct Answer -A Roman bridge crosses the Afrin River in northern Syria and is still in use today.-Roman bridge in Vaison la Romaine, south France.After the Fall of Rome - Correct Answer The first arch bridge in the world to be made out of cast iron, a material which was previously far too expensive to use for large structures.Structural Steel - Correct Answer Perhaps the best known structural steel framed building is the Empire State Building, completed in 1931.Reinforced Concrete - Correct Answer The Burj Khalifa is the tallest man made structure every built.It is supported by a reinforced concrete core using a special concrete mix.Reinforced Concrete Bridges - Correct Answer Cedar Avenue Bridge in Minneapolis, MN over the Mississippi is a reinforced concrete open spandrel arch bridge.Principles and Elements of Design Applied to Architecture - Correct Answer Visual Design Elements - Correct Answer The six integral components used in the creation of a
design: Line, Color, Space, texture, Value, Form and Shape
Line Types - Correct Answer Vertical, Horizontal, Diagonal, Curved Vertical Lines - Correct Answer Represents dignity, formality, stability, and strength.Horizontal Lines - Correct Answer Represents calm, peace, and relaxation.
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