PNR 140 Exam 1 Questions with Correct Answers 100% Verified afferent division - Correct Answer carries sensory information from PNS sensory receptors to CNS efferent division - Correct Answer carries motor commands from CNS to PNS muscles and glands reflex arc - Correct Answer A relatively direct connection between a sensory neuron and a motor neuron that allows an extremely rapid response to a stimulus, often without conscious brain involvement.sympathetic nervous system - Correct Answer the division of the autonomic nervous system that arouses the body, mobilizing its energy in stressful situations parasympathetic nervous system - Correct Answer the division of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body, conserving its energy Central Nervous System (CNS) - Correct Answer brain and spinal cord peripheral nervous system - Correct Answer the sensory and motor neurons that connect the central nervous system to the rest of the body cerebrum function - Correct Answer Receives and interprets sensory information; controls voluntary movements and certain types of involuntary movements; responsible for thinking, learning, language capability, judgment, and personality; stores memories Cerebellum function - Correct Answer Responsible for coordination of movement, posture, and muscle tone that are the mechanisms of balance diencephalon function - Correct Answer Controls body temperature, appetite, and water balance; links nervous and endocrine systems.Thalamus function - Correct Answer relay station for sensory impulses, pain hypothalamus function - Correct Answer water balance/bp/temp regulation/hunger/thirst/sex. 1 / 4
brainstem function - Correct Answer responsible for automatic survival functions midbrain function - Correct Answer relay center for visual/auditory impulses/motor control Pons function - Correct Answer Assists medulla in regulating autonomic functions like breathing medulla oblongata function - Correct Answer regulating vital function (breathing, digestion, heart rate) frontal lobe function - Correct Answer involved in motor function: problem solving, memory, judgment, impulse control, intellectual functions, behavior, personality parietal lobe function - Correct Answer sensory processing occipital lobe function - Correct Answer visual processing temporal lobe function - Correct Answer hearing and smell dermatomes - Correct Answer The distribution pathways of the spinal nerves. Stimulation of the skin in the depicted area for each nerve causes reflex activity Olfacotry nerve - Correct Answer cranial nerve 1 smell optic nerve - Correct Answer Cranial nerve 2 visual acuity, field of vision, pupillary response (afferent impulse) oculomotor nerve - Correct Answer CN III eyelid elevation, extraocular eye movement, pupil size, convergence, pupillary constriction (efferent impulse) 2 / 4
trochlear nerve - Correct Answer CN IV extraocular eye movement (inferior and lateral) trigeminal nerve - Correct Answer CN V
Sensory: corneal reflex
Motor: facial sensation; chewing, biting, lateral jaw movement
abducens nerve - Correct Answer CN VI
Motor: extraocular eye movement (lateral)
facial nerve - Correct Answer CN VII
Sensory: taste
Motor: facial muscle movement, including muscles of expression; lacrimal gland and salivary gland control acousitc nerve - Correct Answer CN VIII
Sensory: hearing, sense of balance
glossopharyngeal nerve - Correct Answer CN IX
Sensory: sensations of the throat, taste (posterior tongue)
Motor: gagging and swallowing movements
vagus nerve - Correct Answer CN X Sensory: sensations of posterior tongue, throat, larynx; impulses from heart, lungs, bronchi, and gastrointestinal tract
Motor: initiation of swallowing and phonation
spinal accessory nerve - Correct Answer CN XI
Motor: shoulder movement and head rotation
hypoglossal nerve - Correct Answer CN XII Motor: tongue movement, articulation of speech 3 / 4
special characteristic of nervous system - Correct Answer •After they are destroyed, cells in the brain cannot be replaced.•In the PNS, the Schwann cells can regenerate.•Neurons are very sensitive to oxygen and die quickly when deprived of oxygen. The brain's neurons cannot survive anoxia for more than 4 to 6 minutes.acteylcholine - Correct Answer CNS and PNS -Generally excitatory but is inhibitory to some visceral effectors -Found in skeletal neuromuscular junctions and in many ANS synapses Norepinephrine - Correct Answer CNS and PNS -may be excitatory or inhibitory depending of receptors -found in visceral and cardiac muscle -cocaine and amphetamines exaggerate the effects Epinephrine - Correct Answer CNS and PNS -May be excitatory or inhibitory depending on the receptors -Found in pathways concerned with behavior and mood Dopamine - Correct Answer CNS and PNS -Generally excitatory -Found in pathways that regulate emotional responses; decreased levels in Parkinson disease Serotonin - Correct Answer CNS -Generally inhibitory -Found in pathways that regulate temperature, sensory perception, mood, onset of sleep GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) - Correct Answer CNS -Generally inhibitory -Inhibits excessive discharge of neurons
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