Portage Learning- BIOD 151 Exam 1 Latest Update 2024 Version Questions and Verified Correct Answers Guaranteed Success
A transverse plane divides the body into these two parts - CORRECT ANSWER:
Superior and inferior portions
Away from the body is what direction? - CORRECT ANSWER: Deep
Away from the head end or toward the lower part of a structure of the body is what
direction? - CORRECT ANSWER: Inferior/Caudal
Between a more medial and a more lateral structure is what orientation? - CORRECT
ANSWER: Intermediate
Closing of a joint is which action? - CORRECT ANSWER: Flexion
Define active transport - CORRECT ANSWER: when particles are moving against their concentration gradient and therefore require energy expenditure
Define cholesterol - CORRECT ANSWER: an organic molecule comprised of lipids
Define depression - CORRECT ANSWER: The downward movement of a structure
Define diffusion - CORRECT ANSWER: the movement of molecules from a high
concentration to a lower concentration
Define elevation - CORRECT ANSWER: The upward movement of a structure
Define endocytosis - CORRECT ANSWER: the taking in of matter by a living cell by invagination of its membrane to form a vacuole
Define Eukaryotic cells - CORRECT ANSWER: cells that contain a nucleus and
membrane bound organelles
Define hypertonic - CORRECT ANSWER: higher solute concentration on the outside of the cell than on the inside
Define hypotonic - CORRECT ANSWER: lower solute concentration on the inside of
the cell than the inside
Define isotonic - CORRECT ANSWER: equal amounts of solutes inside and outside
the cell
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Define membranes - CORRECT ANSWER: a thin layer of cells that act as a lining or boundary to protect the cell
Define Prokaryotic cells - CORRECT ANSWER: cells that do not contain a nucleus and do not contain membrane bound organelles or enclosed nuclei
Define proteins - CORRECT ANSWER: large macromolecules that contain one or more
long chains of amino acids
Define protraction - CORRECT ANSWER: moving a body part forward and parallel to
the ground
Define retraction - CORRECT ANSWER: moving a body part backward and parallel to
the ground
Describe aerobic respiration and the purpose of ATP production - CORRECT ANSWER: Aerobic respiration is the process of using oxygen to create CO2 and ATP.The purpose of ATP production is to produce as much energy as possible
Epithelial cells perform what types of functions? - CORRECT ANSWER: Protection,
secretion, absorption, filtration
Excretion involves what system? - CORRECT ANSWER: Urinary system
Explain the three differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells - CORRECT ANSWER: Prokaryotes: bacteria, smaller size, DNA not enclosed, do not contain membrane bound organelles Eukaryotes: human cells, much larger in size, contains a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
Explain what happens in Tay-Sachs disease - CORRECT ANSWER: One of the
normally present digestive enzymes inside lysosomes is lacking. Thus, a toxic lipid in the brain cells cannot be broken down. The resulting buildup of lipids in these cells can cause intellectual disability and death.
Explain why active metabolizing cells need to be relatively small - CORRECT ANSWER: The cell must be able to obtain nutrients and excrete waste at a speed fast enough to fulfill the cells needs. As the cell gets larger, the surface area decreases which leads the metabolism to be relatively limited
In anatomical position are the hands in pronation or supination? - CORRECT
ANSWER: Supination
Is the elbow proximal or distal to the hand? - CORRECT ANSWER: Proximal
Is the knee proximal or distal to the pelvis? - CORRECT ANSWER: Distal
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