Portage Learning BIOD 151 Module 1 Latest Update 2024 Version Questions and Verified Correct Answers Guaranteed Success A person standing in anatomical position moves their right wrist laterally toward the
radius - what is this action called? - CORRECT ANSWER: Radial deviation
A transverse plane divides the body into these two parts. - CORRECT ANSWER:
superior and inferior
active transport - CORRECT ANSWER: When molecules or ions are pumped from an
area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration. This requires extra energy and carrier proteins because the molecules are going against the concentration gradient.
Away from the body surface is what direction? - CORRECT ANSWER: Deep
Away from the head end or toward the lower part of a structure of the body is what
direction? - CORRECT ANSWER: Inferior
Between a more medial and a more lateral structure is what direction? - CORRECT
ANSWER: Intermediate
cholesterol - CORRECT ANSWER: Cholesterol is a lipid that is very hydrophobic and has one polar hydroxyl group. It joins with phopholipids and mixes in with the tails to prevent solidification during low temperatures. It also stabilizes the phospholipd head with the hydroxyl group by restricting movement in higher temperatures.
Closing of a joint is which action? - CORRECT ANSWER: Flexion
Define depression in anatomy - CORRECT ANSWER: downward movement of a
structure
Define elevation - CORRECT ANSWER: upward movement of a structure
Define protraction - CORRECT ANSWER: the movement of a structure in the anterior direction
Define retraction - CORRECT ANSWER: the movement of a structure in the posterior direction
Describe aerobic respiration and the purpose of ATP production - CORRECT ANSWER: ATP provides energy to cells. Aerobic respiration is the process in which oxygen is used to break down food and convert the chemical energy in it into ATP.
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diffusion - CORRECT ANSWER: Diffusion is when molecules move from an area of
higher concentration to an area of lower concentration to achieve equilibrium with the two sides of a membrane. (small molecules such as gases, water, and glycerol as well as lipid-soluble molecules such as hydrocarbons) Facilitated diffusion is used for a lipid-insoluble molecule and happens by carrier proteins binding temporarily to the molecule and releasing it to the other side. (lipid- insoluble (polar) molecules such as sugars and amino acids)
endocytosis - CORRECT ANSWER: when a biomacromolecule outside the cell gets
enclosed in the cell membrane and forms a vesicle inside the cell.
Epithelial cells perform what types of functions? - CORRECT ANSWER: Secretion and absorption
eukaryotic cells/prokaryotic cells - CORRECT ANSWER: The three main differences
are the size (prokaryotes are smaller), the presence of a nucleus (not present in prokaryotes), and the presence of membrane-bound organelles (not present in prokaryotes).
Excretion involves what systems? - CORRECT ANSWER: The respiratory system, the
digestive system, and the urinary system.
Explain what happens in Tay-Sachs disease. - CORRECT ANSWER: When lysosomes
lack one of the digestive enzymes that normally breaks down a toxic lipid in the brain, the lipid builds up and can lead to intellectual disability and death.
hypertonic - CORRECT ANSWER: higher concentration of solutes inside the cell than outside the cell blood cells will shrivel in the process of equalizing
hypotonic - CORRECT ANSWER: lower concentration of solutes inside the cell that
outside the cell blood cells will swell in the process of equalizing
In anatomical position are the hands in pronation or supination? - CORRECT
ANSWER: Supination
Is the elbow proximal or distal to the hand? - CORRECT ANSWER: Proximal
Is the knee proximal or distal to the pelvis? - CORRECT ANSWER: Distal
isotonic - CORRECT ANSWER: same concentration of solutes inside as outside the
cell
Joints are lined with what? - CORRECT ANSWER: synovial fluid
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