Psychology Exam Review Questions With Complete Solutions Chapter 1: Psychology: The Evolution of a Science What is psychology? What is the mind? What is behavior? - Correct Answers ✅Psychology is the scientific study of the mind and behavior Mind is our private inner experience of perceptions, thoughts, memories, and feelings Behavior is the observable actions of human beings and nonhuman animals What are the three key questions in psychology? - Correct Answers ✅1. What are the bases of perceptions, thoughts, memories, and feelings, or our subjective senses of self?
- How does the mind usually allow us to function effectively
- Why does the mind occasionally function so ineffectively?
in the world?
What is the nativism? What is philosophical empiricism?Which reflects "nature" and which reflects "nurture" in the nature- nurture debate? - Correct Answers ✅Nativism is the philosophical view that certain kinds of knowledge are innate or inborn Philosophical empiricism is the philosophical view that all knowledge is acquired through experience.Although few modern psychologists believe that nativism or empiricism is entirely correct, the issue of just how much 1 / 3
Psychology Exam Review Questions With Complete Solutions "nature" and "nurture" explain any given behavior is still a matter of controversy.What is phrenology? How did work with brain damaged patients help establish a mind- body connection? - Correct Answers ✅Phrenology is a now defunct theory that specific mental abilities and characteristics, ranging from memory to the capacity for happiness, are localized in specific regions of the brain.When Paul Broca worked with a patient who had suffered damage to a small part of the left side of the brain the patient was virtually unable to speak yet was able to understand everything that was said and could communicate using gestures. Broca had the crucial insight that damage to a specific part of the brain impaired a specific mental function, clearly demonstrating that the mind and body are linked Psychology has its roots in philosophy- from which it drew the questions it tries to answer- and physiology. What is physiology? - Correct Answers ✅Physiology is the study of biological processes, especially in the human body Who is credited as being the founder of psychology including teaching its first course in 1867 and opening its first lab? - Correct Answers ✅Wilhelm Wundt What is consciousness? How did Wundt study consciousness using stimuli and reaction time? What is structuralism? What 2 / 3
Psychology Exam Review Questions With Complete Solutions is introspection? What is the problem with using introspection as a research method? - Correct Answers ✅Consciousness is a person's subjective experience of the world and the mind.To study consciousness Wundt and his students adopted an approach called structuralism, which is the analysis of the basic elements that constitute the mind. Some of Wundt's studies used the method of introspection, which involves the subjective observation of one's own experiment.In a typical experiment, research participants were presented with a stimulus, and asked to report their introspections. By analyzing the relation between feelings and perceptual sensations, Wundt and his students hoped to uncover the basic structure of conscious experience.The problem with using introspection is that science requires replicable observations.What is functionalism? How did William James differ from Wundt in how he believed consciousness should be studied?Which man thought consciousness was a stream? Which man thought it could be broken up? - Correct Answers ✅Functionalism is the study of the purpose of mental processes serve in enabling people to adapt to their environment.James agreed with Wundt of some points, but disagreed with his claim that consciousness could be broken down into separate elements. James believed that trying to isolate and analyze a particular moment of consciousness distorted the essential nature of consciousness.
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