PTRS 855 - Midterm Exam Questions with Complete Solutions (Latest 2025)
Module 1: Introduction to Pharmacology
What is targeted drug discovery? - Correct Answers ✅Researchers know the target molecule that they want to affect and create a compound to work What is phenotypical drug discovery? - Correct Answers ✅Researchers know what the end effect should be and search for drugs to produce that effect A compound has to be tested on what first? - Correct Answers ✅Cells in culture What is preclinical testing? - Correct Answers ✅Testing on animals How many species of animals must be tested before a drug reaches clinical trails? - Correct Answers ✅3 What is the best way to determine the effects of a new drug?
- Correct Answers ✅Controlled clinical trials
Phase I clinical trial - Correct Answers ✅The drug is given to a small number of healthy volunteers and most common acute adverse effects are assessed 1 / 4
PTRS 855 - Midterm Exam Questions with Complete Solutions (Latest 2025) Phase II clinical trial - Correct Answers ✅The drug is given to people who have the disease that it is intended to treat, but it is only given to a few patients Phase III clinical trial - Correct Answers ✅The drug is given to large numbers of participants with the disease of interest Phase IV clinical trial (post-marketing surveillance) - Correct Answers ✅Monitors any problems that occur under actual conditions of the drug used in the general population Thalidomide - Correct Answers ✅Drug used in the 1950s to prevent morning sickness that was only tested on rats who were immune to the toxic effects Standard drugs - Correct Answers ✅drugs that would provide minor improvements over an existing drug Priority drugs - Correct Answers ✅a drug that is believed to present potential advances in healthcare What is the idea behind personalized medicine? - Correct Answers ✅Our genetics affect how a drug works 2 / 4
PTRS 855 - Midterm Exam Questions with Complete Solutions (Latest 2025) How to test for personalized medicine - Correct Answers ✅a group of people receive the drug but its dose may be different for each person in the group Tissue regeneration - Correct Answers ✅scientists can grow new organs, new replacement limbs, or skin Pharmacology is based on what? - Correct Answers ✅chronic care model What is the chemical name of a drug? - Correct Answers ✅reflects molecular structure What is the generic name of a drug? - Correct Answers ✅nonproprietary, shortened chemical name (a drug can only have 1 generic name), written in lowercase letters What is the trade name of a drug? - Correct Answers ✅brand name/proprietary- assigned to the drug by a pharmaceutical company identifying that the drug is exclusively property of this company (a drug can have multiple trade names), written with capital letters Are generic or trade name drugs more expensive? - Correct Answers ✅trade name drugs 3 / 4
PTRS 855 - Midterm Exam Questions with Complete Solutions (Latest 2025) Therapeutic category of a drug - Correct Answers
✅describes the effect the drug is expected to have (ex: anti-
psychotics, anti-diuretics, etc.) Indications of toxicity suggest that the drug is reaching lethal levels in the patients ________? - Correct Answers ✅blood In recent years, the FDA concluded that cell culture experiments became unnecessary for drug testing since computer simulation replaces this step - Correct Answers ✅False If there is no existing patent for a drug, or if the patent has expired, the same drug may be marketed by separate drug companies under different - Correct Answers ✅trade names Which of the following phases is assessing the most common acute side effects of a new drug? - Correct Answers ✅phase I The generic name of a drug - Correct Answers ✅is also known as the "official" or "nonproprietary" name, is often derived from the chemical name, and tends to be somewhat shorter than the drug's chemical name
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