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An OT is working with an individual with schizophrenia who is in the process of preparing to move from a state hospital to a group home.During a baking group, the client becomes agitated and leaves the room when another client uses the electric hand mixer to mix the cake batter, and again when two clients begin to argue loudly about which type of icing to use. How would the OT BEST describe this behavior?
- low registration
- sensory avoiding
- sensory seeking
- a hearing impairment - Correct Answer - b. sensory avoiding
The individual's actions are indicative of sensory avoiding behavior, characterized by low threshold to stimuli perceived as noxious, followed by an active response such as leaving the room. Individuals with sensory avoiding behavior may become distressed in situations in which they cannot control the environment. An individual with low registration, sensory seeking behavior, or a hearing impairment would not have difficulty with the auditory stimulation.
During a self-care eval of an individual who recently sustained a brain injury, the OT instructs the individual to comb his hair immediately after he washes his face. The individual washes his face quickly, but then the therapist must give him several reminders to comb his hair. The OT is MOST likely to identify this as a deficit in what area? 1 / 4
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- working memory
- judgement
- hearing
- abstraction - Correct Answer - a. working memory
working memory is the temporary storage of information while one is working with it or attending to it. It includes the ability to recall information immediately after exposure. It also allows one to focus conscious attention and keeps track of information as one is performing an activity. Judgment is the ability to make realistic and safe decisions and would not be needed for this task. Because the person performed the first request, hearing would seem intact. Abstraction is the ability to extrapolate information from an idea to generalize to another situation and would not be needed to follow this direction.
An OT is working with an individual with depression who is cognitively intact but demoing difficulty carrying out self-care and other ADL tasks.The OT, who has no advanced certifications, would like to identify a standardized assessment to measure ADL performance. Which is the MOST appropriate tool for this purpose?
- Bay Area Functional Performance Eval.
- Routine Task Inventory- Expanded.
- Kohlman Evaluation of Living Skills.
- Assessment of Motor and Process Skills. - Correct Answer - c.
Kohlman Evaluation of Living Skills the KElS combines interview items with simulated performance to obtain information about 17 living skills in the areas of self-care, safety and health, money management, transportation, telephone use, and work and leisure. The AMPS assesses motor and process skills, sometimes 2 / 4
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pg. 3 embedding a task that is in an ADL category. In order to administer the AMPS, one must have special training. Therefore, the OT could not use this immediately. The routine task inventory uses observation to assess 14 different ADL aspects and is based on the cognitive disabilities model which would not be appropriate for this client. The bay area functional performance eval was designed to measure performance skills such as memory, organization, attention, motivation, and frustration tolerance.Although it can help the OT develop conclusions about ADL performance, it is not actually an ADL evaluation tool.
An OT is conducting a perceptual function screening with an individual who has had a CVA. Which of the following informal screening activities would the therapist ask the individual to perform in order to identify the presence of agnosia?
- demonstrate common gestures such as waving.
- name objects through touch only
- identify or demonstrate the use of common household objects.
- read a paragraph and explain its meaning. - Correct Answer - c.
identify or demo the use of common household objects visual agnosia is the inability to recognize common objects and demo their use in an activity. Asking the individual to demo common gestures such as waving is a technique to screen for apraxia or the inability to perform purposeful movement on command. Answer B is asking the individual to perform stereognosis. Asking the individual to read a paragraph an explain its meaning would be a screening method for alexia, or the inability to understand written language.
An individual with an L4 SCI wishes to become independent in driving an automobile. The MOST appropriate piece of AE for this individual is: 3 / 4
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- palmar cuff for the steering wheel
- spinner knob for the steering wheel
- pedal extensions for acceleration and breaking.
- hand controls for acceleration and breaking. - Correct Answer - d.
hand controls for acceleration and breaking.An L4 SCI would result in paraplegia. Hand controls use hand motions to control the accelerator and brake mechanisms, limiting the need for LE function. answers A and B are options for individuals who need to steer single-handedly. Pedal extensions can be installed for individuals with limited LE reach.
During an initial interview, parents describe their child as having difficulty communicating and interacting with others. The OT observes him repeatedly gazing upward and scanning the ceiling or quickly patting his hip. These behaviors described are MOST likely to be associated with what disorder?
- ADHD
- Childhood conduct
- Obsessive compulsive
- autism spectrum disorder - Correct Answer - d. autism spectrum
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disorder.ASD is characterized by severe and complex impairments in reciprocal social interaction and communication skills, and by the presence of stereotypical behavior, interest and activities. Children with ADHD display behaviors of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Children with childhood conduct disorder display severe forms of chronic misbehavior such as physical aggression or lying. OCD is characterized