WGU D441 Proctored HESI Pharmacology Questions And Answers | 2025 Updated Solutions | 100% Correct Answers 1.A client prescribed atenolol reports dizziness and a slow pulse. Which action should the nurse take?
- Administer the next dose early
- Encourage fluids and ambulation
- Hold the medication and notify the provider [ANSWER]
- Administer oxygen
Rationale: Atenolol is a beta-blocker that can cause bradycardia. If HR is too low, hold the dose and notify the provider.
2.Which instruction is most important for a client prescribed warfarin?
- Eat foods high in vitamin K
- Increase intake of leafy green vegetables
- Monitor INR regularly [ANSWER]
- Avoid potassium supplements
Rationale: Warfarin requires INR monitoring to ensure therapeutic anticoagulation. Vitamin K intake should be consistent, not increased.
3.A client with asthma is prescribed albuterol. Which effect indicates therapeutic action?
- Decreased respiratory rate
- Relief of bronchospasm [ANSWER]
- Suppressed cough reflex
- Increased sputum production
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Rationale: Albuterol is a short-acting beta-2 agonist that relaxes bronchial smooth muscle, relieving bronchospasms.
4.Which lab value should be monitored closely for a client on furosemide?
- Sodium
- Potassium [ANSWER]
- Calcium
- Creatinine clearance
Rationale: Loop diuretics cause potassium loss, leading to hypokalemia, so potassium must be monitored.
5.A client on digoxin has an apical pulse of 48 bpm. What is the priority action?
- Give medication with food
- Recheck in 1 hour
- Hold medication and notify provider [ANSWER]
- Administer oxygen
Rationale: Digoxin is held if HR is <60 bpm due to risk of severe bradycardia and toxicity.
6.Which symptom indicates lithium toxicity?
- Hyperactivity
- Increased urination
- Tremors and confusion [ANSWER]
- Improved mood
Rationale: Lithium toxicity presents with tremors, confusion, and GI upset.
7.What is the primary purpose of administering naloxone?
- Sedation
- Reversal of opioid overdose [ANSWER]
- Pain control
- Antiemetic 2 / 4
Rationale: Naloxone is an opioid antagonist that reverses respiratory depression caused by opioids.
8.Which teaching should the nurse provide to a client prescribed levothyroxine?
- Take with food
- Take in the morning on an empty stomach [ANSWER]
- Take only when symptomatic
- Avoid fluids with the medication
Rationale: Levothyroxine absorption is best on an empty stomach in the morning.
9.A patient receiving gentamicin should be monitored for which adverse effect?
- Hepatotoxicity
- Hypertension
- Nephrotoxicity [ANSWER]
- Hyperglycemia
Rationale: Aminoglycosides like gentamicin are nephrotoxic and ototoxic, requiring renal function monitoring.
10.Which assessment finding is a side effect of morphine?
- Tachycardia
- Hypertension
- Respiratory depression [ANSWER]
- Increased alertness
Rationale: Opioids depress the CNS, with respiratory depression being the most dangerous effect.
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Which instruction is appropriate for nitroglycerin use?
- Store in a warm environment
- Place under the tongue for chest pain [ANSWER]
- Take with a full meal
- Swallow whole
Rationale: Sublingual nitroglycerin is used for acute angina. It must not be swallowed.
12.A client is prescribed prednisone. What is the most important teaching?
- Avoid high-protein foods
- Do not stop medication abruptly [ANSWER]
- Limit fluid intake
- Take at bedtime
Rationale: Corticosteroids must be tapered to prevent adrenal insufficiency.
13.Which lab should be monitored for a client on heparin?
A. INR
- aPTT [ANSWER]
- Platelets only
- Serum potassium
Rationale: Heparin effectiveness and safety are monitored with aPTT.
14.Which drug is contraindicated in a client with a history of peptic ulcers?
- Acetaminophen
- Ibuprofen [ANSWER]
- Oxycodone
- Amoxicillin
Rationale: NSAIDs like ibuprofen increase gastric acid and can worsen ulcers.
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