1
Cardiovascular System A&P Questions and Answers | Latest Version | 2025/2026 | Correct & Verified
What is the main function of the left ventricle in the cardiovascular system?✔✔ To pump oxygenated blood into the systemic circulation through the aorta
Which valve prevents backflow of blood from the right ventricle to the right atrium?✔✔ The tricuspid valve
What is the role of the sinoatrial (SA) node in the heart?✔✔ It acts as the primary pacemaker, initiating electrical impulses that trigger heartbeats
Where does oxygen-poor blood from the body enter the heart?✔✔ Through the superior and inferior vena cava into the right atrium
What is the significance of the coronary arteries?✔✔ They supply oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle (myocardium)
- / 3
2
Which layer of the heart wall is responsible for the contraction of the heart?✔✔ The myocardium
What causes the "lub" sound (first heart sound) during the cardiac cycle?✔✔ Closure of the atrioventricular (mitral and tricuspid) valves
What is the function of the mitral valve?✔✔ To allow blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle and prevent backflow
Which vessel carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart?✔✔ The pulmonary veins
What happens during systole in the cardiac cycle?✔✔ The ventricles contract, pumping blood into the aorta and pulmonary artery
What electrical event is represented by the P wave on an electrocardiogram (ECG)?✔✔ Atrial depolarization
- / 3
3
How does the autonomic nervous system influence heart rate?✔✔ Sympathetic stimulation increases heart rate, while parasympathetic stimulation decreases it
What is the function of the chordae tendineae?✔✔ To prevent the atrioventricular valves from inverting during ventricular contraction
Where is the atrioventricular (AV) node located?✔✔ At the junction between the atria and ventricles near the septum
What causes the "dub" sound (second heart sound) during the cardiac cycle?✔✔ Closure of the semilunar (aortic and pulmonary) valves
What is the approximate normal resting heart rate in adults?✔✔ 60 to 100 beats per minute
Which structure in the heart conducts electrical impulses from the atria to the ventricles?✔✔ The atrioventricular (AV) bundle or bundle of His
- / 3