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HESI - Medical Surgical Nursing Questions and Answers | Latest Version | 2025/2026 | Correct & Verified

A patient with chronic kidney disease has a potassium level of 6.9 mEq/L. What is the priority nursing intervention?

• Increase dietary potassium intake
• Encourage oral fluids

✔✔C. Administer sodium polystyrene sulfonate

• Withhold all medications

A patient with COPD is receiving oxygen at 4 L/min via nasal cannula. What complication should the nurse monitor for?

• Oxygen toxicity
• Bronchospasm

✔✔C. Decreased respiratory drive

• Hypotension

A patient with heart failure is prescribed furosemide. Which electrolyte should be monitored closely? 1 / 4

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• Calcium
• Sodium

✔✔C. Potassium

• Magnesium

A patient with pneumonia is admitted with a fever, productive cough, and pleuritic chest pain.What is the priority intervention?

• Encourage fluid restriction

✔✔B. Administer prescribed antibiotics

• Give antipyretics after meals
• Keep the patient NPO

A patient with cirrhosis develops confusion and asterixis. Which medication is most likely prescribed?

• Furosemide
• Omeprazole

✔✔C. Lactulose

• Spironolactone 2 / 4

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A patient with myasthenia gravis is at risk for which life-threatening complication?

• Stroke

✔✔B. Respiratory failure

• Seizures
• Myocardial infarction

A patient with diabetes insipidus has a serum sodium of 152 mEq/L. Which treatment is expected?

• Potassium chloride

✔✔B. Desmopressin

• Insulin infusion
• Furosemide

A patient with acute pancreatitis reports severe epigastric pain radiating to the back. Which lab result supports this diagnosis?

• Low amylase
• Low lipase 3 / 4

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✔✔C. Elevated lipase

• Elevated potassium

A patient with Addison’s disease presents with hypotension, weakness, and hyperpigmentation.Which lab finding is expected?

• Hypernatremia

✔✔B. Hyperkalemia

• Hypokalemia
• Hypocalcemia

A patient with suspected meningitis has a positive Brudzinski’s sign. What type of isolation is necessary?

• Airborne

✔✔B. Droplet

• Contact
• Protective

A patient receiving warfarin has an INR of 5.2. What is the best action?

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