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National 5 Biology – Ecosystems Questions and Answers | Latest Version | 2025/2026 | Correct & Verified
What is an ecosystem?✔✔An ecosystem is a community of living organisms interacting with each other and their physical environment.
What is meant by a "biotic factor" in an ecosystem?✔✔A biotic factor is a living component of an ecosystem, such as plants, animals, or microorganisms.
What is meant by an "abiotic factor" in an ecosystem?✔✔An abiotic factor is a non-living component of an ecosystem, such as temperature, sunlight, water, and soil.
What role do producers play in an ecosystem?✔✔Producers, usually plants and algae, make their own food through photosynthesis and form the base of the food chain.
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What is the primary source of energy for most ecosystems on Earth?✔✔The primary source of energy is the Sun, which provides energy for photosynthesis in producers.
What is a food chain?✔✔A food chain is a linear sequence of organisms through which energy and nutrients are transferred, starting with producers and moving to consumers.
What is a food web?✔✔A food web is a more complex and interconnected system of food chains in an ecosystem, showing the multiple feeding relationships between organisms.
What is a trophic level?✔✔A trophic level is each step in a food chain or food web, representing the flow of energy through an ecosystem.
What is meant by "energy loss" between trophic levels?
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