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Praxis 2 Earth and Space Science (5571) Questions and Answers Latest Version 100% Pass
What causes the changing phases of the moon?✔✔ The changing phases of the moon are caused by the moon’s position relative to the Earth and Sun, which changes how much of the moon’s illuminated side we see.
Why do earthquakes often occur near tectonic plate boundaries?✔✔ Earthquakes occur near tectonic plate boundaries because the plates are constantly moving and grinding against each other, causing stress that results in sudden energy release.
What is the primary source of energy that drives Earth's weather systems?✔✔ The Sun is the primary source of energy that drives Earth's weather systems by heating the atmosphere and oceans.
How is sedimentary rock formed?✔✔ Sedimentary rock is formed by the accumulation and compaction of sediments, such as sand, mud, or small pieces of rock, over long periods of time.
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What layer of Earth is directly beneath the crust?✔✔ The mantle lies directly beneath the Earth’s crust.
What process causes hot magma to rise toward the Earth’s surface?✔✔ Convection currents in the mantle cause hot magma to rise toward the Earth's surface.
Why is the Earth’s atmosphere important for life?✔✔ The atmosphere provides oxygen, protects from harmful solar radiation, and helps regulate temperature.
What do fossils tell scientists about Earth’s history?✔✔ Fossils provide evidence of past life forms and environmental conditions, helping scientists understand Earth’s history and evolution.
How do ocean currents affect climate?✔✔ Ocean currents transport warm and cold water around the globe, influencing weather patterns and climate in coastal regions.
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What is the main difference between a comet and an asteroid?✔✔ Comets are made mostly of ice and dust and have tails when near the Sun, while asteroids are mostly rocky or metallic and do not have tails.
Why does the Earth experience seasons?✔✔ Seasons occur because the Earth is tilted on its axis, causing different parts of the Earth to receive varying amounts of sunlight throughout the year.
What type of rock is formed by cooling and solidification of magma?✔✔ Igneous rock is formed by cooling and solidification of magma or lava.
What causes a volcanic eruption?✔✔ A volcanic eruption occurs when pressure from molten rock (magma) beneath the Earth’s surface becomes too great and forces its way out.
How is a tsunami generated?✔✔ A tsunami is generated by underwater earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, or landslides that displace large amounts of water.
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What is the role of the ozone layer?✔✔ The ozone layer absorbs and blocks most of the Sun’s harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation from reaching Earth.
What evidence supports the theory of plate tectonics?✔✔ Evidence includes matching coastlines, similar fossils on different continents, and patterns of earthquakes and volcanic activity along plate boundaries.
How does the water cycle move water through Earth’s systems?✔✔ The water cycle moves water through evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and collection in bodies of water.
What is a solar eclipse?✔✔ A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between the Earth and the Sun, blocking the Sun’s light.
Why are stars visible at night but not during the day?✔✔ Stars are visible at night because the Sun’s brightness during the day overwhelms their light.
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