Questions Answers - (Questions & Answers) The construct of observat...

HOSA Behavioral Health QBank (Questions & Answers)

The construct of observational learning in Social Cognitive Theory explains that: a.behavior has to be demonstrated in order to be learned.

• a one-way mirror should be used to observe behavior in a clinical setting.
• only simplistic behaviors are learned through observation.
• behavior is learned by watching other people.behavior is learned by watching other people

The usefulness of the Social Cognitive Theory construct of observational learning is determined

by:

• the intention of the observer to learn the behavior
• the reward to be given for learning the behavior
• the amount of time given the observer to learn the behavior.
• the extent of attention given to the person modeling the behavior.the extent of attention

given to the person modeling the behavior In using the Social Cognitive Theory concept of reciprocal determinism to elicit behavior change you would focus on?

• the process of determining what should be given in return for adopting a healthy behavior.
• the relationship between doing the most amount of good with limited resources.
• the interplay between a behavior, personal factors and the environment.
• the effect the changed behavior has on the person's perception of self.the interplay between

a behavior, personal factors and the environment The Social Cognitive Theory concept of reciprocal determinism explains behavior as being the

result of:

• people in give and take relationships working together.
• an interaction between people, their environment and their behavior.
• the back and forth relationships we have with those in our social networks.
• following individual principles of fairness and reciprocity.an interaction between people, their

environment, and their behavior According to Social Cognitive Theory, behavior is influenced by expectations. Which of the following demonstrates this?

• People brush their teeth to reduce the risk of cavities. 1 / 4

• In general, people need 7-9 hours of sleep each night.
• Children should have time to exercise during school hours.
• High blood pressure can be controlled.people brush their teeth to reduce the risk of cavities

One of the responsibilities of your position at the local health department is to visit preschools in the community and teach children about health. You want to use the Social Cognitive Theory construct of observational learning to encourage youngsters to choose fruits over candy for snacks. Which of the following reflects this approach?

• Show a video of a "super hero figure" choosing an apple instead of a candy bar.
• Have a police officer visit and "arrest the candy" because it's not good.
• Offer the children a choice of a candy bar or an apple and reward those who choose the

apple.

• Send apples home with the children and a letter home informing parents that the health

department advises they only have fruit for snacks in the home. show a video of a "super hero figure" choosing an apple instead of a candy bar

• The low rate of flu immunization among students living in residence halls at ABC University

is cause for concern. When surveyed to find out the underlying reason for this, the health office staff discovered a large number of students were afraid of needles. To increase student vaccination rates, they decided to offer nasal administration along with injection. Which construct of Social Cognitive Theory below would be consistent with this approach to behavior change? a. Emotional arousal

• Expectancies
• Observational learning
• Reinforcementemotional arousal

People over 65 in ABC Township, in general do not participate in the annual flu vaccination program. After discussion with the more vocal citizens among this group, it was found that they do not believe it is worth the risk of getting sick from the vaccine itself, which sometimes happens. To counter this concern, which construct of Social Cognitive Theory would be consistent with this approach to behavior change? a. Reinforcement

• Self-efficacy
• Expectancies
• Observational learning

Expectancies Women who avoid having mammograms often sight the reason for their behavior as not wanting to know if they have cancer, i.e. ignorance is bliss. Which of the following constructs of the Social Cognitive Theory would explain this behavior? a. Reinforcement 2 / 4

• Expectancies
• Self-regulation
• Emotional arousalemotional arousal

The construct of expectations in Social Cognitive Theory explains that people avoid certain

health behaviors because they:

• anticipate the outcome to be unpleasant.
• assume they will fail at implementing the behavior.
• do not see a benefit in undertaking the behavior.
• believe their significant others would be opposed to the behavior.anticipate the outcome to

be unpleasant When using the Social Cognitive Theory construct of reinforcement to change behavior: a.behavior change initiatives are repeated.

• desirable behavior is rewarded.
• skills are taught in a variety of ways.
• mastery experiences need to be provided.desirable behavior is rewarded

An innovative way to reduce the burden of diseases related to aging - dementia, diabetes, cancer - would be to slow the aging process. To this end, the FDA has approved research on a drug that may be able to do just that - slow aging. If research results show the drug does in fact do this, use of the drug would most likely be adopted because it meets which of the following characteristics of an innovation? a. Inexpensive

• Advantageous
• Repeatable
• Explainableadvantageous

In an effort to enroll the majority of students on XYZ campus in an innovative new program, you have decided to use Diffusion of Innovation as the basis for your recruitment efforts. As such, your advertisements and flyers would contain which of the following messages?

• be the first to......
• join the "in" crowd.......
• everyone is coming....
• don't be left out......

be the first to...You are planning a comprehensive, year-long early detection lead poisoning program for Anytown, NJ, that uses a state-of-the art home lead detection kit. Your first intervention must be a communication campaign to increase awareness of the lead poisoning in the town. Which 3 / 4

of the following theories would be most appropriate to use as the framework for the whole program? a. Transtheoretical Model

• Diffusion of Innovation
• Self-Efficacy Theory
• Social Cognitive Theorydiffusion of innovation

According to Diffusion of Innovation, in order for an innovation to ultimately be adopted it has

to be:

• Easily accessed.
• Inexpensive.
• Observable.
• Available to people at all levels of the social ladder.Observable

To increase the likelihood of older adults using a new health app, the information about it

should come from:

• Health care professionals
• Grandchildren
• Friends
• Siblingshealth care professionals

The first step in the innovation-decision process of Diffusion of Innovation is: a.determining the cost of the innovation.

• having knowledge of the innovation.
• identifying need for the innovation.
• trying the innovation.

having knowledge of the innovation If you wanted to encourage someone to develop a positive attitude toward an innovation, during which stage of the innovation-decision process of Diffusion of Innovation would you focus your efforts? a. Awareness

• Persuasion
• Trial
• ReinforcementPersuasion

According to Diffusion of Innovation, what is the relationship between the attitude toward an innovation and its ultimate adoption?

• If the attitude is positive, the likelihood of adoption is increased.
• If the attitude is negative, the likelihood of adoptions is not affected.
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