Biology MCAS Practice With Complete Questions & Answers(Latest Update 2023) Organic - ANSWERScompounds that contain CARBON atoms that are covalently bonded to other elements, typically hydrogen, oxygen and other carbon atoms CHNOPS - ANSWERSCarbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus, Sulfur
- Major Categories of Organic molecules - ANSWERS-Lipids
- Some are antibodies ( Protect body from infection)
-Carbohydrates -Proteins -Nucleic Acids Function of Lipids - ANSWERSBuilding blocks of the cell membrane and energy storing molecules Function of Carbohydrates - ANSWERSKey source of energy Function of Proteins - ANSWERS-Some are enzymes (Speed up Reactions) -Some are Structural ( Hair, Muscle, Skin, Tendons Etc.)
Functions of Nucleic Acids - ANSWERS-Some are DNA ( store hereditary information ) -Some are RNA ( Aid in building proteins ) Examples of Lipids - ANSWERSSteroids like cholesterol and Fats Examples of Carbohydrates - ANSWERSSugar and Starch Examples of Proteins - ANSWERSEnzymes, Collagen , Antibodies Examples of Nucleic Acids - ANSWERSDNA and RNA Chemical Reaction - ANSWERSThe process during which chemical bonds between atoms are broken and new ones are formed, producing one or more different substances Enzyme - ANSWERSProteins that increase the speed of chemical reaction How an Enzyme affects the Activation Energy - ANSWERSEnzymes are catalysts; they reduce the activation energy needed for a chemical reaction to take place 1 / 2
Factors that affect the shape of an enzyme - ANSWERSpH or temperature changes to the outside range which causes the enzyme to no longer work Plasma Membrane (or Cell Membrane) - ANSWERSEncloses the cell and separates the cytoplasm from its surrounding ; regulates what enters and leave the cell Nuclear Envelope - ANSWERSSeparates the nucleus from the cytoplasm Nucleus - ANSWERSIs the control center of the cell; Stores DNA and makes mRN Cytoplasm - ANSWERSInterior part of the cell made up of fluid that cushions all the organelles Mitochondria - ANSWERSProvides energy to the cell Endoplasmic Reticulum - ANSWERSProcess and modifies proteins that were made in the nucleus Golgi Apparatus - ANSWERSPackages proteins into vesicles for export throughout the cell Lysosome - ANSWERSContain digestive enzymes to clean up the cell Ribosome - ANSWERSMake proteins Vacuole - ANSWERS(Both )-Help digestion of materials
- Plant )-Store nutrients and keeps cell pressure
- / 2
Cell Wall - ANSWERSSupports and maintains shape, protects cell from damage, connects near by cells Chloroplast - ANSWERSUse light energy to make food (carbohydrates ) through photosynthesis Cytoskeleton - ANSWERSHelps to maintain cell shape and aids in movement of materials in the cell Centriole - ANSWERSHelps the formation of the spindle to move chromosomes during mitosis Cell/Plasma Membrane ( Prokaryote or Eukaryote ) - ANSWERSBoth Nucleus ( Prokaryote or Eukaryote ) - ANSWERSONLY Eukaryotes Cytoplasm ( Prokaryote or Eukaryote ) - ANSWERSBoth