Questions Bank - NR 283 Exam 1

Questions Bank - NR 283 Exam 1

Latest 2023 / 2024

Chapter 1

2. The manifestations of a disease are best defined as the:

• subjective feelings of discomfort during a chronic illness.
• signs and symptoms of a disease.
• factors that precipitate an acute episode of a chronic illness.
• early indicators of the prodromal stage of infection.
• A type of cellular adaptation in which there is a decrease in cell size is referred to as:
• hypertrophy.
• metaplasia.
• anaplasia.
• atrophy.
• A change in a tissue marked by cells that vary in size and shape and show increased mitotic

figures would be called:

• metaplasia.
• atrophy.
• dysplasia.
• hypertrophy.
• Rigorous weight lifting/body building regimens may result in the skeletal muscle cells

undergoing:

• hypertrophy.
• dysplasia.
• atrophy.
• regeneration.
• To which of the following does the term apoptosis refer?
• Increased rate of mitosis by certain cells
• Ischemic damage to cells
• Liquefaction of necrotic tissue
• Preprogrammed cell self-destruction

13. Routine application of sun block to skin would be an example of:

• an iatrogenic cause of cancer.
• a preventive measure.
• a precipitating factor. 1 / 2

• a predisposing condition.

19. Pathophysiology involves the study of:

• the structure of the human body.
• the functions of various organs in the body.
• functional or structural changes resulting from disease processes.
• various cell structures and related functions.

Chapter 2

• Which of the following is a typical sign of dehydration?
• Rapid, strong pulse
• Low hematocrit
• Increased urine output
• Rough oral mucosa
• Which of the following terms refers to a combination of decreased circulating blood volume

combined with excess fluid in a body cavity?

• Dehydration
• Third-spacing
• Hypovolemia
• Water retention
• Which of the following is the primary cation in the extracellular fluid?
• Sodium
• Potassium
• Calcium
• Iron

• Which of the following is a common cause of hyponatremia?
• Loss of the thirst mechanism
• Excessive sweating
• Excessive aldosterone secretion
• Prolonged period of rapid, deep respirations
• Which of the following would be considered normal serum pH?
• 4.5-8
• 7.0
• 7.4
• 8

30. An anxiety attack often causes hyperventilation leading to:

• increased PCO2.
• decreased PCO2.
• / 2