2024 NR 545 Final EXAM STUDY GUIDE WITH 90+ QUESTIONS & CORRECT ANSWERS
Peptic Ulcer Penetration of submucosa that can cause a perforation Causes for peptic ulcer H pylori, alcohol, caffeine, NSAIDS, inadequate blood supply, atrophy to mucosa Gastric ulcer symptoms Epigastric pain, belching, burning sensation immediately after eating, antacids provide small relief Duodenal Ulcer symptoms Epigastric pain, burning 3-4 hours after eating, pain worse at night, antacids relieves pain Complications of peptic ulcers hemorrhage, obstruction, perforation Common blood type for peptic ulcers Type "O" Diagnostics of peptic ulcer Fiberoptic endoscopy, barium Xray, stool antigen (h pylori), Urea breath test Treatment for peptic ulcer PPI, Amoxicillin, clarithromycin PPI, Clarithromycin, metronidazole
PPI, Bismuth, tetracycline, metronidazole Ulcerative Colitis 1 / 2
Inflammation that starts in the rectum up to the colon. Ulcers develop. Tissue destruction interferes with absorption of fluids and electrolytes Complication of Ulcerative colitis Toxic megacolon (inflammation impairs peristalsis, leading to obstruction and dilation of the colon) Signs/symptoms ulcerative colitis Watery diarrhea with blood and mucous, abdominal pain and cramping, tenesmus (spasm in the rectum associated with the need to poop) Treatment for ulcerative colitis Anti-inflammatories (sulfasalazine) Anti-diarrheal (loperamide) Diet (total parenteral nutrition or high protein, vitamin, calories and low fat) Antibiotics (metronidazole, cipro) Appendicitis Inflammation and infection of the appendix.Causes of appendicitis Obstruction, twisting, potential abscess formation and perforation Subjective data (appendicitis) Colicky pain when walking and coughing Epigastric/periumbilical pain (RLQ) N/V Mild fever Shaking chills Objective data (appendicitis) Positive McBurney sign Positive Obturator sign Positive Psoas sign Positive Rovsign sign Diagnostics for appendicitis
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