Rutgers Introduction to Biochemistry Exam Prep Test

pg. 1 Rutgers Introduction to Biochemistry Exam Prep Test Bank with 370 Real Exam Practice Questions and Correct Answers| Rutgers Biochem 301 Exam Practice Test Bank Latest 2025-2026 (brand new!)

Biochemistry is defined as

• The study of life processes
• The study of the molecular basis of life
• The study of living organisms
• The study of organic compounds in living organisms
• The study of living compounds
• The study of the molecular basis of life

The standard reduction potentials for the following reactions are given below.

Pyruvate + 2H+ + 2e- → lactate E∘ = -0.190 V

NAD+ + 2H+ + 2e- → NADH/H+ E∘ = -0.320V.

Calculate △G∘ for the overall spontaneous reaction making use of the relationship between △E∘ and △G∘.-25 kJ/mol

Why is the peptide bond stronger than the ester bond?

• Greater electronegativity of nitrogen
• Greater electronegativity of oxygen
• Resonance stabilization of the amide bond
• Increased basicity of nitrogen
• Size of the nitrogen atom compared to the oxygen atom

Resonance stabilization of the amide bond 1 / 4

pg. 2 Ionic compounds can be readily dissolved in water because the high dielectric constant of water screens and decreases the ________ force between the oppositely charged ions.electrostatic The ________ describes the tendency for hydrophobic molecules to aggregate because of the exclusion of water with the consequent increase of entropy of the solvent.hydrophobic effect Glycine cannot serve as a buffer because it has two ionizable groups.

True or false?False The average charge on an amino acid below its pI will be positive.

True or false?True Calculate the acid dissociation constant Ka of a 0.2 M solution of weak acid that is 0.1% ionized

• x 10^-7

Calculate the pH of a 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pKa = 6.86) that contains equal amounts of acid and conjugate base.

6.86 Calculate the pH of a 0.2 M acetate buffer (pKa = 4.77) that contains twice as much acid as conjugate base.

4.47 The pKa of each amino acid residue in a protein will not be influenced by the adjacent residue.

True or False?False 2 / 4

pg. 3 Calculate the pH at the end of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction if it were carried out in a 0.1 M phosphate buffer, pH 6.86 and 0.005 M of acid was produced during the reaction?

6.77 If hydroxide is added to an amino acid it will become increasingly ________ charged.negatively Calculate the pH of a weak acid that is 0.2% ionized in a 0.2 M solution.

3.39 The net charge on an amino acid at its isoelectric point (pI) is ________.zero

Many proteins interact with DNA at physiological pH because:

• proteins are naturally attracted to DNA regardless of the pH.
• the negatively charged DNA is electrostatically attracted to positively charged

regions on proteins.

• the positively charged DNA is electrostatically attracted to negatively charged

regions on proteins.

• proteins and DNA interact using mainly hydrophobic interactions.
• both proteins and DNA are at their isoelectric points at physiological pH and

tend to aggregate.The negatively charged DNA is electrostatically attracted to positively charged regions on proteins

Small ions in biological fluids:

• encourage strong electrostatic interactions between oppositely charged

macroions at low ionic strengths.

• encourage strong electrostatic interactions between oppositely charged

macroions at high ionic strengths.

• have no effect on the interactions between oppositely charged macroions.
• tend to cluster around macroions of the same charge.
• have large effects on pH. 3 / 4

pg. 4 encourage strong electrostatic interactions between oppositely charged macroions at low ionic strengths.The most important factor in the evolution of life on earth is _______.

• The sun
• Oxygen
• Water
• Dry land
• A reducing atmosphere

Water

A hydrogen bond is best defined as:

• A strong chemical bond between hydrogen and another element
• A weak chemical bond between hydrogen and another element
• A relatively strong electrostatic bond between hydrogen and oxygen or nitrogen
• A weak electrostatic bond between hydrogen and oxygen or nitrogen
• A bond between two hydrogens

A relatively strong electrostatic bond between hydrogen and oxygen or nitrogen Which of the following compounds is capable of hydrogen bonding with like molecules?

A) CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3

B) CH3CH2OCH2CH3

C) CH3NH2

D) HOCH2CH2OH

• Both C and D are correct

Both C and D are correct Which is the peptide bond?Between the carbonyl (C=O) and the amine (NH) The following molecule is an example of which single class of compounds?

CH3CH2CH(NH2)COOH

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