SOC 200 FINAL EXAM 1 (Latest 2023 / 2024)
GRADED A+ Questions & Answers
Power
Answer: Capacity to bring about some outcome, to effect changes or
prevent them from occurring.It is neutral, does not always require action, and sometimes causes conflict which is not always a bad thing.
One-Dimensional View of Power
Answer: Basically, (A) has superior resources and prevails over (B) in open
conflicts. Can be exercised by following "the rules of the game". Can also be exercised by manipulating the rules. Force is often "failed power". Power doesn't need to involve action. (Associated with Pluralist View of Power)
Pluralist View of Power
Answer: As long as competing groups have sufficient power to participate,
the final outcome of any policy or political controversy will reflect the preferences of majority of the citizens. Focused on open conflict. (Associated with One-Dimensional View of Power)
Two-Dimensional View of Power
Answer: Basically, the power holder (A) prevents a subordinate individual or
group (B) from raising issues that would challenge A's power. Primary
Question: Why do some issues never come up? Why is there no conflict? The
focus is often on agenda setting. Grievances of excluded or marginal groups can be denied a hearing. Open conflict is not all that matters, issues that are prevented from becoming the subject of political challenge also matter. Media also matters for agenda setting. (Associated with Elite View of Power)
- / 2
Elite View of Power
Answer: A small group of people control who wins and what gets discussed.
Even if the majority disagrees. (associated with Two-Dimensional View of Power) Three-Dimensional View of Power
Answer: Basically, (A) influences (B) to support or think the way (A) does
even if its against (B)'s interests.Can power be invisible?We often assume that power involves action.People defer to those in power, to those with high status.Lack of conflict does not equal lack of disagreement. (Associated
Crucial Point
Answer: The most effective and potentially the most sneaky use of power is to
prevent such conflict from arising in the first place by Persuading B that whatever (A) wants is in (B)'s best interests. (Associated with the three- dimensional view of power.)
Negative Peace
Answer: Absence of justice and of conflict
Positive Peace
Answer: Presence of justice and absence of conflict
Social Movements
Answer: Conscious, concerted, and sustained efforts by ordinary people to
change (or preserve) some aspect of their society by using extra institutional means.Collective/Joint Actions Change-oriented goals/claims Extra- or non-institutional collective action
- / 2