SSM TCAR review exam 2024 with 100% correct answers What are the definitive options for pelvic fracture stabilization and hemorrhage control? - correct answer External Fixation Interventional Radiology Open reduction & Internal fixation How are closed mid-shaft femur fractures managed? - correct answer Intramedullary nail fixation What makes a fracture comminuted? - correct answer The bone is in multiple pieces Physiologic criteria for trauma center care? - correct answer SBP<90 Resp rate <10 or >29 GCS <14 What is Kinematics? - correct answer The process of predicting potential injuries based on analysis of the forces involved Dose of energy is? - correct answer The nature and amount of force Characteristic of wounding agent? - correct answer Type of energy and how it was applied Force - correct answer The dose of energy involved Which gender is the majority of trauma? - correct answer Male Incidence of trauma peaks at what age? - correct answer Teens and young adult 1 / 3
Blunt trauma Classifications include? - correct answer MVA Auto vs. pedestrian Falls Struck by or against an object Trauma mortality based on organ system failure? - correct answer 1 organ system failure=4%
- organ system failures=32%
- organ system failures=67%
- organ system failures=90%
- The occupants
- The internal organs
- The secondary impacts
What are the four collisions? - correct answer 1. The vehicle
Energy transmission in a rollover depends on? - correct answer Deceleration distance Energy is dissipated over the distance of the roll and whether or not the occupants are restrained Car vs pedestrian injuries depend on? - correct answer Point of contact with the care Height of hood & bumper Size & weight of vehicle Height of patient Direction patient was facing when struck What is the most common mechanism of injury in all age groups? - correct answer Falls Factors predicting fall injuries are? - correct answer Fall height (velocity) Landing surface (deceleration distance) 2 / 3
Point of impact on the body Wound ballistics- permanent cavity - correct answer Cavity is the a function of the size, shape, and characteristic of the missile (mass) For every second of fall time, speed increases by? - correct answer Speed increases by approximately
20 MPH
Define Shock? - correct answer A state in which cellular oxygen demand exceeds supply When the cost of tissue oxygen is higher than the body can pay, an oxygen debt develops.Types of shock per TCAR? - correct answer Pumps-Site of defect heart Pipes- site of defect is artery, veins or capillaries Fluid-intravascular, interstitial or intracellular VS in shock? - correct answer Narrow pulse pressure Tachycardia Low CO How many ATP molecules are produced with oxygen & glucose? - correct answer 32 ATP molecules How many ATP molecules are produced without oxygen? - correct answer 2 ATP molecules Normal pH? - correct answer Refernce range is 7.35-7.45, but actual normal range is 7.38-7.42 What is the footprint of shock? - correct answer Lactic Acidosis What 2 things affect the amount of oxygen availalbe to the cells? - correct answer Temperature & pH, which is the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve
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