Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology Study Guide 2023 Net agonist - Correct Answer When full agonist is absent, partial agonist acts as a...Neurons - Correct Answer Specialized nerve cells in the CNS Dendrites - Correct Answer Tree-like branching that extends from the cell body that forms chemical communication with axons, soma, and other dendrites; also contain dendritic spines Soma - Correct Answer Cell body; contains cell organelles (mitochondria, ER, synaptic vesicles, mRNA Axon - Correct Answer Tail-like structure that extends from the cell body that is responsible for electrical and chemical neurotransmission Synapse - Correct Answer Chemical transmission between neurons Presynaptic - Correct Answer Anterograde chemical transmission Postsynaptic - Correct Answer Retrograde chemical transmission Synaptic cleft - Correct Answer The point of chemical transmission between neurons Axodendritic - Correct Answer Chemical communication between the axon and dendrites Axosomatic - Correct Answer Chemical communication between the axon and cell body Axoaxonic - Correct Answer Chemical communication between the axons of two neurons 1 / 2
Net antagonist - Correct Answer In the presence of a full antagonist, a partial agonist acts as a...Electrical communication - Correct Answer Can be communication within a neuron Chemical communication - Correct Answer Communication between neurons Excitation-secretion coupling - Correct Answer The first stage of chemical neurotransmission from the presynaptic axon terminal to the postsynaptic neuron; process by which electrical impulses in the presynaptic neuron is converted into a chemical signal at the synapse; the way the neuron transducer an electrical stimulus into a chemical event; changes the ionic charge across the neuronal membranes, inducing an action potential in the postsynaptic neuron that causes the synaptic vesicles to spill their chemical contents into the synapse Classic synaptic neurotransmission - Correct Answer Begins with an electrical process causing the stimulation of a presynaptic neuron by neurotransmitters, light, drugs, hormones or nerve impulses that causes electrical impulses to be sent to its axon terminal that are then converted into chemical messengers that stimulate the receptors of postsynaptic neurons Retrograde neurotransmission - Correct Answer Occurs when the postsynaptic neuron communicates with their presynaptic neuron Examples of retrograde neurotransmitters - Correct Answer Endocannabinoids, nitric oxide, and neurotrophic factors neurotransmitters (nerve growth factor) Direction of retrograde neurotransmission - Correct Answer Neurotransmitters are released from postsynaptic neurons, taken back into vesicles and transported back to the cell nucleus via RTS, and interact with the cells genome Volume neurotransmission - Correct Answer Neuronal transmission that does not require a synapse; chemical messengers (neurotransmitters) can spill over to distant neurons by diffusion (chemical puffs); example dopamine in the prefrontal cortex are usually diffused across synapses of neurons that do not have dopamine receptors due to lack of dopamine reuptake transporter pumps (DATs) to terminate the action of dopamine released
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