Test 1 Anatomy & Physiology - Chapters 1-4 Questions with Correct Answers Anatomy definition - Correct Answer studies the structure of body parts and their relationships to one another Physiology definition - Correct Answer concerns the function of the body, how the body parts work and carry out their life sustaining activities positive feedback mechanism - Correct Answer result or response enhances the original stimulus so that the response is accelerated. moves in the same direction as the initial change.usually control infrequent events that do not require continuous adjustments. +feedback mechanisms are often referred to as cascades.
examples: blood clotting, birth
negative feedback mechanism - Correct Answer causes the variable to change in the opposite direction to that of the initial change, returning it to its "ideal" value the endocrine system is important in maintaining homeostasis. a good example of a hormonal negative feedback mechanism is the control of blood sugar by insulin. As blood sugar rises, receptors sense the change and the pancreas (control center) secretes insulin into the blood
goal of neg. feedback system: prevent severe changes within the body
examples: heart rate, blood pressure, rate and depth of breathing, blood levels of Oxygen, carbon dioxide and minerals regional terms - Correct Answer must know: refer to other quizlet: Regional Terms Anatomy anatomical positon - Correct Answer body is erect with feet slightly apart, films face forward and thumbs point away directional terms - Correct Answer help us explain where one body part is in relation to another 1 / 2
ex: eyes are medial to the ears
head is superior to the abdomen axial - Correct Answer head neck and trunk appendicular - Correct Answer all limbs sagittal plane - Correct Answer divides body into right or left parts frontal plane - Correct Answer divides the anterior from the posterior transverse - Correct Answer divides the superior from the inferior dorsal body cavity - Correct Answer contains cranial & vertebral cavities protects the fragile nervous system what does the cranial, vertebral cavity contain - Correct Answer brain, spinal cord ventral body cavity - Correct Answer contains the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavity - divided by the diaphragm houses internal organs called the visceral organs thoracic cavity - Correct Answer contains heart and lungs; the pleural cavity envelops a lung and the pericardial cavity encloses the heart (and also surrounds the remaining thoracic organs: esophagus, trachea, etc) abdominopelvic - Correct Answer contains the abdominal and pelvic cavity abdominal cavity contains the stomach, intestines, spleen, liver etc
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