Latest 2023 / 2024
The causative organism of viral conjunctivitis
- Adenovirus
Symptoms of viral conjunctivitis
- Patients’ complaint of itchy, red eyes and may have clear to no
discharge
Hallmark for viral conjunctivitis
- Preauricular lymph node swelling and tenderness
Hallmark characteristics of HSV-1 or HSV-2 conjunctivitis
- Skin vesicles (if present) and a corneal infection with a "dendrite"
appearance
Teaching for conjunctivitis
- Avoid touching tip of eye drops, women should throw away makeup,
dispose of contact lens, stay home from work or school until 24 hours of antibiotic treatment. 1 / 3
Bacterial Conjunctivitis symptoms
- Red eye with crusted eye lid. May have watery and itching eyes that
may be associated with photophobia but visual acuity will be normal.
Cataracts produce
- A gradual, painless, and progressive loss of vision, although many
clients are unaware of any vision problems due to the gradual nature on onset
No evidence that taking supplements such as Vitamin, E, C, and beta-carotene helps in the prevention and treatment of cataracts
- True
Age-related cataracts tend to be
- Bilateral in nature and may manifest as blurred or distorted vision,
with complaints of a glare when driving at night or in bright light.
Blepharitis
- Inflammation around the eyelid margins that is caused by
staphylococcal infection at the lash base and dysfunctional Meibomian glands.
Treatment of Blepharitis
- Bacitracin 0.5% ointment
Treatment for resistant staphylococcal infections
- Discontinue the Bacitracin and order a quinolone antibacterial
ointment or a sulfacetamide/corticosteroid combination that, like erythromycin, has been shown to be effective against Staphylococcus. 2 / 3
Chalazion
- A nodule or cyst, usually on the upper eyelid, caused by obstruction
in a sebaceous gland. Usually not painful. A chalazion that persists for more than 4 weeks needs referral to an ophthalmologist for incision and drainage, biopsy, or local injection directly with glucocorticoids.
Dry eyes- what hx to focus on
- Focus on current medications, any symptoms of fever, genital
discharge, rash or joint pain; smoking history or second-hand smoke exposure
Examination for dry eyes
- In addition to a slit-lamp examination, a Schirmer test to quantify
lacrimal secretions may be done
Self-care for dry eyes
- Wearing goggles when swimming; using a preservative-free artificial
tears preparation; taking frequent rest periods from the computer and hand-held electronic devices
Epiphora
- Is an overflow of tears onto the face, other than caused by normal
crying. Is a result of insufficient tear film drainage from the eyes; tears roll down the face rather than through the nasolacrimal system.
Epiphora at risk patients
- It is an especially common complaint in elderly clients and
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individuals with allergies