pg. 1 Unit 1 MN 551 Patho, Unit2 MN551 patho, Unit3Patho, Unit 4 Patho, Unit 5 Patho MN551, Unit 6 Patho, Unit 7 MN 551 Patho, UNIT 8 MN 551 patho, Unit 9 Patho 551, MN 553 unit 1 with complete solution
A 55-year-old male who is beginning to take a statin drug for his hypercholesterolemia is discussing cholesterol and its role in health and illness with his nurse practitioner. Which of the following aspects of hyperlipidemia would the nurse practitioner most likely take into account when teaching the patient?✓ Cholesterol is a metabolic waste product that the liver is responsible for clearing.
A 71-year-old woman is dependent on oxygen therapy and bronchodilators due to her diagnosis of emphysema. Which of the following processes would her care team be most justified in ruling out?✓ In lung pathology such as emphysema, large amounts of air are trapped at the end of a given breath, a situation that corresponds to increased residual volume and decreased vital capacity. Elastic recoil would tend to suffer, and both alveolar and anatomical dead space consequently increase.
A 34-year-old male patient has diagnoses of liver failure, ascites, and hepatic encephalopathy secondary to alcohol abuse. The patient's family is questioning the care team about why his abdomen is so large even though he is undernourished and emaciated. Which of the following statements most accurately underlies the explanation that a member of the care team would provide to the family?✓ The normally small transcellular fluid compartment, or third space, is becoming enlarged.
Which of the following data would a clinician consider to be most indicative of acute renal failure?✓ Increased nitrogenous waste levels, decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
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pg. 2 Which of the following patients are NOT displaying known risk factors for the development of pulmonary emboli?✓ A patient who is immobilized following orthopedic surgery
Postsurgical immobility, smoking, and the use of oral contraceptives are all identified risk factors for the development of pulmonary emboli. Impaired Cl- and Na+ regulation are associated with cystic fibrosis, while amiodarone and radiation therapy are linked to interstitial lung diseases.
A 77-year-old female hospital patient has contracted Clostridium difficile during her stay and is experiencing severe diarrhea. Which of the following statements best conveys a risk that this woman faces?✓ She is susceptible to isotonic fluid volume deficit and hypernatremia as a result of water losses.
A 68-year-old male complains to his nurse practitioner that when he tests his blood pressure using a machine at his pharmacy, his heart rate is nearly always very low. At other times, he feels that his heart is racing, and it also seems to pause at times. The man has also occasionally had lightheadedness and a recent syncopal episode. What is this patient's most likely diagnosis and the phenomenon underlying it?✓ Sick sinus syndrome as a result of a disease of his sinus node and atrial or junctional arrhythmias
Following a winter power outage, a patient who had been using a home gasoline generator began to experience dizziness and headaches and was diagnosed with carbon monoxide poisoning. What is the goal of hyperbaric oxygen treatment for carbon monoxide poisoning?✓ To increase the amount of oxygen dissolved in plasma
An 87-year-old male resident of an assisted living facility has been consistently continent of urine until the last several weeks. Which of the following actions by the care providers at the facility is the most likely priority?✓ Performing a physical examination and history to determine the exact cause and character of the incontinence 2 / 3
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Which of the following clinical findings would be most closely associated with a patient who has interstitial lung disease rather than COPD?✓ Increased respiratory rate with decreased tidal volume
A 54-year-old man with a long-standing diagnosis of essential hypertension is meeting with his nurse practitioner. The patient's nurse practitioner would anticipate that which of the following phenomena is most likely occurring?✓ The conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II in his lungs causes increases in blood pressure and sodium reabsorption.
The NP is teaching a group of older adults about the value of including foods containing antioxidants in their diet. Which of the following statements best captures the rationale underlying the NPs advice?✓ Antioxidants inhibit the actions of reactive oxygen species (ROS).
Which target of both chemotherapy and radiation treatment accounts for adverse as well as therapeutic effects?✓ Rapidly proliferating cells
Which of the following patients is most likely to benefit from transplantation of thymic tissue or major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-compatible bone marrow?✓ A 7-year-old boy whose blood work indicates decreased IgA and IgG with increased IgM
A 72-year-old woman with a recent onset of syncopal episodes has been referred to a cardiology group by her family physician. As part of the patient's diagnostic workup, the nurse practitioner conducting the intake assessment has ordered a Holter monitor for 24 hours. Which of the following statements best captures an aspect of Holter monitoring?✓ Accurate interpretation of the results requires correlating the findings with the activity that the woman was doing at the time of recording.
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