UNLV Biol 189 Exam 1 With Correct Answers
The process of science - ANSWER Recurring: Hypothesis --> Experiment -->
Data science is - ANSWER a process, not a list of facts scientific investigation involves the - ANSWER testing of hypotheses scientific method order - ANSWER Observation, hypothesis, experiment, conclusion.common experimental designs - ANSWER Placebo, Randomization, and Blind Method.placebo - ANSWER -Inactive treatment -Type of control -Sugar pill/Sham surgery -Used in conjunction with an untreated group placebo effect - ANSWER -Measurable change -Not attributed to the treatment -Short-term benefit -Participants anticipate getting better -Sham surgeries 1 / 4
*Occurs in 1 of 3 participants in chemotherapy trials.randomized method - ANSWER Experimental subjects are assigned different experimental treatments or to the control group in a random fashion.*Eliminates bias single blind method - ANSWER Some individuals participating in the experiment are denied information.*Eliminates bias double blind method - ANSWER Neither the subjects nor the evaluators know which participants are in the control/experimental groups.*Data is analyzed by study manager/principle investigator.triple blind method - ANSWER Subjects, evaluators, and data analyzers are unaware of which treatment any particular subjects is receiving.*Eliminates unconscious bias.*Data is analyzed by study manager/principle investigator.scientific rigor - ANSWER The strict application of the experimental design to ensure unbiased design, methodology, analysis, interpretation, and reporting of results.scientific theory - ANSWER A hypothesis that has been confirmed after many experimental trials.-High in degree of certainty -Built on factual evidence -Widely accepted among scientists 2 / 4
*Theory is NOT a hypothesis.new data - ANSWER -Is always produce -Does not influence/shape theories -Remains the same as long as the new data is consistent.scientific knowledge is - ANSWER not absolute because the possibility exists that a fact might be proven incorrect by an experiment paradigm - ANSWER A set of common beliefs & agreements shared b/w scientists regarding how problems should be understood and addressed.*Mode of thinking *Worldview *Theory is NOT paradigm paradigm shift - ANSWER -Scientific Revolution -Fundamental change in the understanding of how something works.-Change in basic assumptions *Thinking outside the box.gold standard for scientific testing - ANSWER A randomized, double blind, placebo control trial.anecdotal evidence - ANSWER A story made by a person to make a point & can't be trusted since it's not based on facts."The good thing about science is that..." - ANSWER "...it's true whether or not you believe in it."- Neil Degrasse Tyson Why is Chemistry important to biology? - ANSWER -To understand how it 3 / 4
works -Tons of chemical reactions occur in cells every second.important macromolecules - ANSWER -Carbohydrates -Proteins (Amino Acids) -Lipids -Nuceliec Acids (DNA & RNA) chemistry studies - ANSWER matter element - ANSWER -A fundamental form of matter.-Each is composed of a unique atom -92 occur naturally on earth -25 essentail for life *Each has an abbreviation (a symbol).
- major Elements that make up most living organisms - ANSWER -Carbon
-Hydrogen -Oxygen -Nitogen -Phosphorous -Sulfur
atoms composed of - ANSWER Subatomic particles:
Protons- (+) charge [1 amu]
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