NR-511 Differential Diagnosis & Primary Care Practicum
Weeks 1-4 Notes for Midterm Exam
What do predictive values depend on?
Correct Answer:
The prevalence of disease in the population.
What are sensitivity and specificity?
Correct Answer:
Intrinsic properties of a test.
What may a low pretest probability of disease lead to?
Correct Answer:
Low positive predictive value and more false-positive results.
What happens to positive predictive value with prevalence?
Correct Answer:
It increases.
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What happens to negative predictive value with prevalence?
Correct Answer:
It decreases.
What happens to sensitivity and specificity with prevalence?
Correct Answer:
They do not vary.
What may a negative result be if you strongly suspect a client is positive for a specific condition?
Correct Answer:
False-negative test results due to a low negative predictive value.
What is clinical suspicion equivalent to at the individual level?
Correct Answer:
Pre-test probability.
What is clinical suspicion equivalent to at the population level?
Correct Answer:
High prevalence.
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What is negative predictive value inversely correlated with?
Correct Answer:
Prevalence.
What is clinical suspicion?
Correct Answer:
Pre-test probability and high prevalence of a population.
What is negative predictive value?
Correct Answer:
Inversely correlated with prevalence.
What does a low negative predictive value suggest?
Correct Answer:
False-negative.
What is the likelihood of a patient having strep pharyngitis with a positive rapid strep test?
Correct Answer:
Cannot be determined from this information.
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Why can't the likelihood of strep pharyngitis be determined from a positive rapid strep test?
Correct Answer:
Without a pre-test probability, the test result cannot be accurately interpreted.
What is the normal range for red blood cells?
Correct Answer:
4.5-6 million/µL
What is the normal range for hemoglobin?
Correct Answer:
12-18 grams/100mL
What is the normal range for hematocrit?
Correct Answer:
38%-48%
What is the normal range for reticulocytes?
Correct Answer:
0%-1.5%
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