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West Coast EMT Block 2 Study Guide
1.electrical conduction of the heart: The flow of electrical current causes
smooth, coordinated heart contractions; they produce pumping action of the heart
2.Depolarization: electrical charges on the surface of the muscle cell
change from positive to negative
3.Repolarization: the heart returns to its resting state, and the positive
charge is restored to the surface
4.Where do the electrical impulses begin?: Electrical impulses begin
high in the atria in the sinoatrial node, travel to the atrioventricular node and bundle of His, and then move through the Purkinje fibers to the ventricles
5.Three types of muscle: skeletal, cardiac, smooth
6.Skeletal muscle: Voluntary muscle/Striated muscle (characteristic 1 / 3
ide
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stripes): Movement of the body like waving or walking/ Skeletal
muscle is attached to the bones of the skeleton
7.Smooth muscle: Found within blood vessels and intestines
8.Cardiac muscle: found only within the heart and is able to create and
conduct its own electrical impulses
9.Ligaments: Connect bone to bone
10.Tendons: Ropelike structures that connect muscles to bones
11.Cartilage: Smooth connective tissue that covers the ends of bones
at mobile joints 12.Anatomy of lower airway: delivers oxygen to alveoli: Trachea
(windpipe): conduit for air entry into the lungs; divides at the carina
into two main stem bronchi, right and left
Bronchioles: dilate and constrict as oxygen passes through
them Small bronchioles connect to alveoli: site of oxygen
and carbon diox Thyroid cartilage (adam's apple): forms the
anterior part of the larynx Cricoid cartilage: immediately
below the thyroid 2 / 3
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Cricothyroid membrane