West Coast EMT Block 3 Study Guide Latest Update 2024 with 200+ Questions and Verified Correct Answers Guaranteed Success
6 "P's" of musculoskeletal injury - CORRECT ANSWER: pain
paralysis paresthesias - burning or pricking pulselessness pallor pressure
acromioclavicular joint injuries (AC separation): - CORRECT ANSWER: Located just under the skin on the lateral superior surface of the shoulder is the AC joint
- frequently separated during sports.
- splinted effectively with a sling and swathe
air embolism - CORRECT ANSWER: The presence of air in the veins, which can lead
to cardiac arrest if it enters the heart.
Air embolism S/S - CORRECT ANSWER: TACHYCARDIA
DYSPNEA
HYPOTENSION
CYANOSIS
DECREASED LEVEL OF CONSCIOUSNESS
amputation - CORRECT ANSWER: partial or complete removal of a limb
An open neck injury can cause? - CORRECT ANSWER: An air embolism if the vein of
the neck are open to the environment.
Anterior hip dislocation - CORRECT ANSWER: legs are suddenly and forcibly spread wide apart and locked in position
limb is in the opposite position, extended straight out, externally rotated, and pointing away from the midline
arachnoid mater - CORRECT ANSWER: middle layer of the meninges
arachnoid matter - CORRECT ANSWER: middle layer of the meninges
autonomic nerves - CORRECT ANSWER: control smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and
glands
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avulsions - CORRECT ANSWER: injury in which a portion of the skin and sometimes
other soft tissue is partially or completely torn away
Back Boarding procedures - CORRECT ANSWER: - provide manual, in-line support of
head
- assess pulse, manual function and sensation in extremities and assess cervical area
- apply cervical colar
- position device
- log roll patient onto device.
- fill spaces with padding
- secure torse (chest, pelvis, legs), then secure head
- reassess pulse, motor function, and extremities
- lift backboard and go
basilar fracture - CORRECT ANSWER: fracture at the base of the skull
(raccoon eyes or battle sign)
blast injuries - CORRECT ANSWER: -Attacks using conventional weapons; bombs & missiles
-Four mechanisms of injury: primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary.
blood loss from femur fracture: - CORRECT ANSWER: all patients may have a significant amount of blood loss. Treat with high-flow oxygen, monitor vitals and treat for shock.
Blood loss in a child exceeding _____ of his or her total blood volume significantly
increases the risk of shock. - CORRECT ANSWER: 3 to 6 oz (100 to 200 mL)
Blood loss in an adult exceeding _____ of his or her total blood volume significantly
increases the risk of shock. - CORRECT ANSWER: 20% (more than 2 pints [about 1
liter])
bones of the face - CORRECT ANSWER: mandible
maxillae nasal bone palatine bone and nasal conchae vomer zygomatic bone lacrimal bone hyoid bone
cardiac muscle - CORRECT ANSWER: Involuntary muscle tissue found only in the
heart.striated, involuntary
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cerebral concussion - CORRECT ANSWER: temporary brain dysfunction (brief loss of consciousness) after injury, usually clearing within 24 hours
cerebral contusion - CORRECT ANSWER: the bruising of brain tissue as the result of a head injury that causes the brain to bounce against the rigid bone of the skull
Colles fracture - CORRECT ANSWER: distal radius is broken by falling onto an
outstretched hand
comminuted fracture - CORRECT ANSWER: fracture in which the bone is splintered or crushed
Commotio Cordis - CORRECT ANSWER: A blunt chest injury caused by a sudden,
direct blow to the chest that occurs only during the critical portion of a person's heartbeat.
compartment syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER: Swelling in a confined space that
produces dangerous pressure; may cut off blood flow or damage sensitive tissue.
Compartment syndrome treatment - CORRECT ANSWER: keep limb at level of heart,
immediate transport, reassess frequently
cone cells - CORRECT ANSWER: work best in bright light and enable you to see
colors
conjunctiva - CORRECT ANSWER: Delicate membrane lining the eyelids and covering
the eyeball
connecting nerves - CORRECT ANSWER: Nerves in the spinal cord that connect the
motor and sensory nerves.
control external bleeding - CORRECT ANSWER: 1. Put on gloves
- Apply direct pressure to get the bleeding to stop
- Use a dry sterile dressing on the cut
- Put a bandage over the dressing on the cut
- If something bleeds through, don't take off the bandage; just add more bandages
- If the cut is extremely painful and bad - call EMS
cornea - CORRECT ANSWER: The clear tissue that covers the front of the eye
corneal abrasion - CORRECT ANSWER: an injury, such as a scratch or irritation, to the outer layers of the cornea
Corneal abrasion treatment - CORRECT ANSWER: Do not patch the eye. Treat the
symptoms, lubricate and teach pt not to rub or scratch at the eye. Refer to
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