WGU 785 Final Exam Hemophilia Pedigree - Father has hemophilia, mother does not. What is the outcome for their kids? - CORRECT ANSWER His daughters would be carriers. This is x-link recessive.
Autosomal:
Dominant: - CORRECT ANSWER Autosomal: males and females equally affected.
Dominant: non-carrier parents
polymerase chain reaction (PCR) - CORRECT ANSWER The process of copying DNA in the lab. Uses Template DNA, Nucleotides (dNTPS), DNA Polymerase, and DNA primers.
3 Steps of PCR - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Denaturation: DNA is
heated to 95C to separate it.
2. Annealing: reaction is cooled to 50C; primers stick to the DNA you want
to copy and add DNA polymerase.
3. Elongation: reaction heated to 70C and DNA polymerase, adding
nucleotides building a new DNA strand. 1 / 3
Base Excision Repair (BER) - CORRECT ANSWER How you repair a mutation. BER is used to repair damage to a base caused by harmful molecules. You remove the base that is damaged and replace it.*BER removes a single nucleotide* DNA glycolsylase - sees damaged DNA and removes it.DNA polymerase-puts the right one back in while DNA ligase seals it.
Mismatch repair (MMR) occurs during: - CORRECT ANSWER
replication. DNA polymerase proofreads but sometimes a mismatch pair gets through. MMR removes a large section of the nucleotides from the
new DNA and DNA polymerase tries again. (Ex: C-T instead of C-A)
Mismatch Repair corrects what kind of DNA damage? - CORRECT ANSWER When a base is mismatched due to errors in replication.Such as G-T instead of G-C. DNA polymerase comes by and fixes it.What happens when DNA polymerase binds to DNA to make RNA? - CORRECT ANSWER TRANSCRIPTION! DNA polymerase takes the individual nucleotides and matches them to the parental sequences to ensure a correct pair. It must bind with RNA primer to work. 2 / 3
What is needed for DNA replication? - CORRECT ANSWER DNA polymerase Nonsense Mutation - CORRECT ANSWER Change in 1 nucleotide produces a STOP codon Stop= nonsense because it is no more.Silent Mutation - CORRECT ANSWER Change in 1 nucleotide but codes for the same amino acid. Silent= the change doesn't change the name of the protein Missense Mutation - CORRECT ANSWER Change in 1 nucleotide leads to a code for a different amino acid. Missense = mistake was made.What happends during RNA splicing? - CORRECT ANSWER During RNA splicing introns are cut out, the remaining exons are joined together.
5'ATG AGT CTC TCT 3'
Find the DNA template strand. - CORRECT ANSWER 3'TAC TCA GAG AGA 5'
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