WGU C190 Intro to Biology Latest Update 2024- 2025 Actual Exam 300+ Questions and 100% Verified Correct Answers Guaranteed A+ Verified by Professor
Abiotic - CORRECT ANSWER: Non-living, may be within or made by a living organism.
Actin - CORRECT ANSWER: Filament in the Cytoskeleton which has a prominent role
in cell movement, maintaining cell shape, and connection to other cells, as well as intracellular transport.
Active Site - CORRECT ANSWER: The binding site on enzymes. contains amino acids
that both bind the substrate and aid in its conversion to product.
Active Transport - CORRECT ANSWER: moving molecules against their concentration
gradient. This is a non spontaneous process and requires the cell to do work to move the ions "uphill" against the concentration gradient. To do work, the cell must expend energy and actively move (pump)the ions.
Adaptation - CORRECT ANSWER: A trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce
adaptive trait - CORRECT ANSWER: a heritable trait that enhances an individuals
fitness; an evolutionary adaption
Adhesion - CORRECT ANSWER: The attraction between water molecules and other
molecules.
Allele - CORRECT ANSWER: An alternative form of a gene.
allopatric speciation - CORRECT ANSWER: The formation of new species in
populations that are geographically isolated from one another. 1 / 4
Amino Acid - CORRECT ANSWER: Building block of proteins. A small organic chemical that is made up of four parts. One end has nitrogen-amino group, other end has carboxylic acid groups linked by a single carbon atom called the alpha carbon, and the variable 'R group' also attached to the alpha carbon.
anabolic reaction - CORRECT ANSWER: any chemical reaction that combines simple
molecules to build more-complex molecules
Anaphase - CORRECT ANSWER: Phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes
separate and move to opposite ends of the cell
Anaphase I - CORRECT ANSWER: Homologous chrmosomes move to the oppisite
poles of the cell.
Aneuploidy - CORRECT ANSWER: Abnormal number of chromosomes
anthropogenic climate change - CORRECT ANSWER: climate change which is human
caused, either directly or indirectly
Antibodie - CORRECT ANSWER: Proteins that identify and neutralize foreign
substances. Ex: IgE Protein
Anticodon - CORRECT ANSWER: group of three bases on a tRNA molecule that are
complementary to an mRNA codon
artificial selection - CORRECT ANSWER: selective breeding of plants and animals to promote the occurrence of desirable traits in offspring
asexual reproduction - CORRECT ANSWER: Process by which a single parent
reproduces by itself
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Atom - CORRECT ANSWER: Smallest level. The basic unit of matter. Consists of a
dense nucleus surrounded by electrons.
Atomic Mass - CORRECT ANSWER: The sum of the number of protons and the
number of neutrons. The mass of an atom.
Atomic Number - CORRECT ANSWER: The number of protons in an atom, displayed
for each atom in the periodic table.
autosomal chromosome - CORRECT ANSWER: 22 chromosome pairs that control traits
NOT related to gender--same in females and males.
Autosome - CORRECT ANSWER: A chromosome that is not directly involved in
determining sex, as opposed to a sex chromosome.
biochemical cycle - CORRECT ANSWER: the circulation of substances through living organisms from or to the environment.
biological evolution - CORRECT ANSWER: the change over time in populations of
related organisms
Biology - CORRECT ANSWER: The scientific study of life and is the branch of science that studies living organisms and the way organisms interact with their environments.
Biosphere - CORRECT ANSWER: Fourteenth level. The highest level of organization in living systems. The collection of all ecosystems on Earth. Includes all habitable zones on the planet, including land, soil, and rocks to a great depth in the Earth's crust; water and ice; and the atmosphere to a great height.
Biotic - CORRECT ANSWER: Living. Matter is considered ______ if it was ever alive at some point in time
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bottleneck effect - CORRECT ANSWER: a reduction in the genetic diversity of a
population caused by a reduction in its size
Carbohydrate - CORRECT ANSWER: Biological macromolecule. Sugars. Essential for
energy storage, cellular communication and structural support. Store energy; provide structural support; facilitate communication
Carcinogen - CORRECT ANSWER: Cancer causing mutagen.
catabolic reaction - CORRECT ANSWER: any chemical reaction that breaks down
complex molecules into simpler molecules
Catalyst - CORRECT ANSWER: A substance that increases the rate of a chemical
reaction without itself undergoing any permanent chemical change.
Cell - CORRECT ANSWER: Fourth level. The fundamental unit of life. Essentially a tiny droplet of water and other molecules enclosed by a fluid "skin" or membrane. The smallest and simplest entity that possesses all the characteristics of life.
cell cycle - CORRECT ANSWER: series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide
Cell Membrane - CORRECT ANSWER: provides a barrier between the interior and
exterior of the cell and it regulates the flow of substances in and out of the cell.
Cell wall - CORRECT ANSWER: Protective layer for prokaryotes, made of
peptidoglycan.
cellular respiration - CORRECT ANSWER: the process by which cells use oxygen to
produce energy from food
Central Dogma of Molecular Biology - CORRECT ANSWER: DNA --> RNA --> Protein
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