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WGU C458 HEALTH, FITNESS AND WELLNESS OBJECTIVE
ASSESMENT EXAM LATEST 2024-2025 COMPLETE 400
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST
UPDATE JUST RELEASED
WGU C458 EXAM A
Drug - ANSWER-any substance that has mind-altering properties or in other ways interacts with and modifies the structure and function of the body.
Drug misuse - ANSWER-includes the unintentional or inappropriate use of prescribed or nonprescribed medicine that results in the impaired physical, mental, emotional, or social well- being of the user. The use of a drug for a purpose for which it was not intended
Drug abuse - ANSWER-generally refers to chronic, excessive use of a drug. May also refer to a person's intent. ex.If a person drinks to excess for the purpose of getting drunk
Route of Administration - ANSWER-Drugs can be taken orally in the form of pills, capsules, or liquids. Injected intravenously (directly into the bloodstream through a vein), intramuscularly (into a muscle), subcutaneously (under the skin), inhaled, or administered topically(external application of the substance to the skin or mucous membranes)
Distribution - ANSWER-Drugs are carried to body parts through the bloodstream
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2 Dosage - ANSWER-the amount of a drug that is administered. Determines the effect of the substance on the body. The larger the amount taken, the greater the probability of several different effects
Threshold dose - ANSWER-the minimum amount required to produce a therapeutic effect
Maximum dose - ANSWER-the dose in which maximum effect is obtained
Effective dose - ANSWER-the dose needed to produce a desired effect
Lethal dose - ANSWER-the amount of drug that will produce death
Therapeutic index - ANSWER-the ratio between the effective dose and the lethal dose.Obtained by dividing the amount of a lethal dose by the amount required for an effective dose.The higher the index, the lower the chance of a given dosage being lethal
Potency - ANSWER-the difference in effective doses between drugs that are used for the same purpose. ex, substance A may require twice the dosage to achieve the same effect as substance B
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3 Time response - ANSWER-the time required for the substance to produce an effect after the body receives it. As a general rule, the more quickly an effect appears, the shorter its effectiveness.
Synergism - ANSWER-the combined action of the drugs is greater than the sum of the effects of any one of the drugs taken alone
Potentiate - ANSWER-increase the effect of another drug
Antagonist - ANSWER-blocks or interferes with the function of another drug when used in combination with it, or it may inhibit a normal biological compound, such as a hormone.
Placebo effect - ANSWER-If one expects a substance will help a problem or produce a particular effect, then the probability of that effect actually occurring increases. The effect may occur even when the substance administered is only an inert substance.
Placebos - ANSWER-substances that produce an apparent cure or perceived health improvement based on the expectations of the user
Tolerance - ANSWER-When some drugs are used frequently, larger dosages are required to maintain the effect
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4 Disposition tolerance - ANSWER-the rate at which the body disposes of a drug. Certain drugs tend to increase the rate of action of enzymes in the liver and, consequently, the deactivating of the drug
Cross-tolerance - ANSWER-tolerance to one substance may lead to tolerance of other drugs that are pharmacologically similar
Pharmacodynamic tolerance - ANSWER-occurs when the nervous tissue or other target tissues adapt to the substance so that the effect of the same concentration of a chemical decreases
Reverse tolerance - ANSWER-users will have the same response to a lower dose of a drug that they had with initial higher doses
Physical dependence - ANSWER-tolerance to a substance that requires increasing amounts of a chemical to maintain normal body functioning
Psychological dependence - ANSWER-a pattern of compulsive drug use characterized by a continued craving for a drug and the need to use the drug for effects other than pain relief. If the person stops taking a drug after a period of time, the person might experience anxiety as a withdrawal symptom.
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